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[Перевод] Оценка систем LLM: основные метрики, бенчмарки и лучшие практики

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Оценка LLM-систем вручную — это утомительное, времязатратное и порой раздражающее занятие. Поэтому, если вам приходилось многократно прогонять набор промптов, чтобы вручную проверять каждый вывод LLM, вас обрадует, что эта статья научит вас всему необходимому для правильной оценки LLM и обеспечения долгосрочной эффективности вас и вашего приложения на основе LLM.

Оценка LLM относится к процессу обеспечения соответствия выходных данных LLM человеческим ожиданиям, которые могут варьироваться от этических и безопасных соображений до более практических критериев, таких как правильность и релевантность выходных данных LLM. С инженерной точки зрения эти выходные данные LLM часто можно найти в форме тестовых кейсов, в то время как критерии оценки формализуются в виде метрик оценки LLM.

На повестке дня:

  • В чем разница между оценкой LLM и оценкой системы LLM, а также их преимущества

  • Офлайн-оценки, что такое бенчмарки системы LLM, как создавать наборы данных для оценки и выбирать правильные метрики оценки LLM, а также распространенные ошибки

  • Оценки в реальном времени и их польза для улучшения наборов данных для офлайн-оценок

  • Реальные примеры использования систем LLM и как их оценивать, включая chatbotQA и Text-SQL

Давайте начнем.

Оценка LLM vs оценка системы LLM

Давайте разберемся: в то время как LLM (большая языковая модель) относится конкретно к модели (например, GPT-4), обученной понимать и генерировать человеческий язык. LLM-система, в свою очередь, представляет собой полную инфраструктуру, которая включает не только саму LLM, но и дополнительные компоненты, такие как вызовы функций (для агентов), системы поиска (в RAG), кэширование ответов и т.д., что делает LLM полезными для реальных приложений, таких как чат-боты поддержки клиентов, автономные агенты продаж и генераторы Text-to-SQL.

Однако важно отметить, что система LLM иногда может состоять из одной LLM, как в случае с ChatGPT. Вот пример системы LLM на основе RAG, которая выполняет задачу Text-to-SQL:

Гипотетическая архитектура Text-SQL
Гипотетическая архитектура Text-SQL

Основной целью Text-to-SQL является генерация правильного и эффективного SQL для заданного пользовательского запроса, поэтому пользовательский запрос обычно сначала используется для извлечения соответствующих таблиц в схеме базы данных через конвейер извлечения, прежде чем использовать его в качестве контекста для генерации правильного SQL через конвейер генерации SQL. Вместе они составляют систему LLM (основанную на RAG).

(Примечание: технически вам не нужно выполнять извлечение перед генерацией, но даже для схемы базы данных среднего размера лучше выполнить извлечение, чтобы LLM меньше галлюцинировала).

Поэтому оценка системы LLM не так проста, как оценка самого LLM. Хотя и LLM, и системы LLM получают и генерируют текстовые выходные данные, тот факт, что в системе LLM может быть несколько компонентов, работающих совместно, означает, что вам следует применять метрики оценки LLM более детально для оценки различных частей системы LLM для максимальной видимости того, где что-то идет не правильно (или правильно).

Например, вы можете применить метрику контекстной полноты для оценки конвейера извлечения в примере Text-to-SQL выше, чтобы оценить, может ли он извлечь все необходимые таблицы, необходимые для ответа на конкретный запрос пользователя.

Метрику контекстной полноты зачастую можно использовать для оценки конвейеров извлечения
Метрику контекстной полноты зачастую можно использовать для оценки конвейеров извлечения

Аналогичным образом вы можете применить пользовательскую метрику корректности SQL, реализованную через G-Eval, для оценки того, генерирует ли конвейер генерации правильный SQL на основе извлеченных таблиц данных top-K.

Пользовательская метрика корректности SQL может использоваться для оценки выходных данных SQL
Пользовательская метрика корректности SQL может использоваться для оценки выходных данных SQL

Подводя итог, можно сказать, что система LLM состоит из нескольких компонентов, которые помогают сделать LLM более эффективным в выполнении своей задачи, как показано в примере Text-to-SQL, и ее сложнее оценить из-за ее сложной архитектуры.

В следующем разделе мы рассмотрим, как можно выполнить оценку системы LLM в процессе разработки (офлайн-оценки), включая способы, с помощью которых мы можем быстро создать большое количество тестовых кейсов для модульного тестирования нашей системы LLM, а также как выбрать правильные метрики оценки LLM для определенных компонентов.

Офлайн-оценки: тестовые кейсы, наборы данных для оценки, метрики LLM и бенчмарки

Офлайн-оценки относятся к оценке или тестированию вашей системы LLM в локальной среде разработки. Представьте себе выполнение оценок в вашей локальной среде разработки, которая может быть чем угодно: от скрипта Python, Colab/Jupyter Notebooks до конвейеров CI/CD в Github Actions перед развертыванием в продакшн. Это позволяет количественно улучшить архитектуру вашей LLM-системы или даже подобрать идеальный набор гиперпараметров (например, используемую LLM, шаблоны промптов, модель эмбеддингов и т.д. для каждого компонента).

Бенчмаркинг систем LLM
Бенчмаркинг систем LLM

Некоторые инженеры называют этот процесс "бенчмаркингом" LLM-систем, и это абсолютно верно. Бенчмаркинг LLM-систем — это процесс количественного измерения их производительности на основе набора пользовательских критериев, используя метрики оценки LLM и стандартизированный набор данных для оценки. Именно так проводится оффлайн-оценка. Исходя из примера Text-to-SQL в предыдущем разделе, метрики, используемые для сравнительного анализа нашей системы LLM, будут контекстной полнотой и пользовательской метрикой корректности SQL. Эти метрики оценивают, насколько хорошо LLM-система Text-to-SQL справляется с набором пользовательских запросов и выводами SQL, которые мы называем тестовыми кейсами.

Что касается терминологии, вот что вам нужно знать:

  • Бенчмарки состоят из (обычно одного) набора данных для оценки и метрик оценки LLM.

  • Набор данных для оценки состоит из тестовых кейсов, к которым будут применяться метрики оценки LLM.

  • Для одного бенчмарка может быть несколько метрик оценки LLM, каждая из которых оценивает различные части системы LLM для каждого тестового кейса.

Вы можете запускать эти бенчмарки системы LLM в локальной среде разработки каждый раз, когда вносите изменения в свою систему LLM (например, переключаетесь на другую архитектуру извлечения или поставщика LLM), чтобы обнаружить любые критические изменения в производительности, или вы можете даже интегрировать эти бенчмарки в конвейер CI/CD для регрессионного тестирования системы LLM.

Прежде чем перейти к следующему разделу, вот спойлер о том, как вы можете настроить все в коде с помощью DeepEval, фреймворка оценки LLM с открытым исходным кодом:

pip install deepeval
from deepeval.dataset import EvaluationDataset
from deepeval.metrics import ContextualRecallMetric

metric = ContextualRecallMetric(threshold=
0.5
)

dataset = EvaluateionDataset(test_cases=[...])
dataset.evaluate(metrics=[metric)

И для тех, кто хочет начать оценку немедленно, ознакомьтесь с кратким руководством DeepEval.

Наборы данных для оценки и тестовые кейсы

Набор данных для оценки — это набор тестовых кейсов.

Тестовый кейс LLM
Тестовый кейс LLM

Тестовый кейс — это единица данных, содержащая всю необходимую информацию для модульного тестирования вашей LLM-системы. Вот основные параметры, которые входят в тестовый кейс для LLM:

  • Входные данные — входные данные для вашей системы LLM.

  • Фактические выходные данные — текстовый ответ, сгенерированный вашей системой LLM.

  • Ожидаемые выходные данные — идеальный ответ для заданных входных данных для вашей системы LLM.

  • Контекст извлечения — текстовые фрагменты/документы, извлеченные в конвейере RAG/системе извлечения.

  • Контекст — идеальные текстовые фрагменты/документы, из которых выводятся ожидаемые выходные данные.

Вот в чем подвох: разные метрики требуют заполнения разных параметров в тестовом кейсе LLM. Например, метрика релевантности ответа без эталона (reference-less answer relevancy metric, о которой вы узнаете позже) требует только входных данных и фактического вывода. В то же время метрика релевантности ответа с эталоном (reference-based answer relevancy metric) потребует входных данных, фактического вывода и ожидаемого результата.

Другой пример вы можете найти в исходной метрике контекстной полноты, использованной ранее в примере Text-to-SQL. Поскольку контекстная полнота оценивает, способна ли ваша система извлечения извлекать все соответствующие фрагменты текста для ответа на определенный запрос, вам понадобятся входные данные (т. е. запрос) и контекст извлечения (т. е. соответствующие фрагменты текста, которые были извлечены).

Вот несколько правил, которым необходимо следовать при подготовке набора данных оценки:

  • Начните с 50–100 тестовых кейсов. Вы можете либо сформировать их с нуля, либо использовать данные из продакшена (если ваша LLM-система уже развернута). На практике это количество оптимально: оно достаточно для выявления слабых мест в вашей системе и не слишком велико для начальной работы.

  • Подбирайте тестовые кейсы которые наиболее вероятно могут не соответствовать критериям, выбранным для оценки вашей LLM-системы.

  • Фактические выходные данные не обязательно вычислять заранее, особенно если вы планируете тестировать вашу систему после каждого изменения.

  • Заполните тестовые кейсы ожидаемыми выходными данными. Как было объяснено в разделе о метриках LLM, метрики с использованием эталонных данных (reference-based metrics) обеспечивают гораздо более точные результаты. Поэтому важно заранее определить ожидаемые выходные данные.

Подготовить тестовые кейсы с ожидаемыми выходными данными - это определенно непростая задача, особенно для 50–100 тестовых кейсов. В настоящее время существует два основных способа создания наборов данных для оценки для бенчмаркинга вашей системы LLM:

  • Человеческая аннотация — это просто: наймите кого-нибудь, чтобы он подготовил 100 тестовых кейсов. Можно также использовать данные из производственной среды, если ваша система уже развернута.

  • Генерация синтетических данных. Этот метод немного сложнее: использовать LLM для генерации 100 тестовых кейсов.

Генерация синтетических данных с помощью LLM включает предоставление LLM контекста (того же контекста в тестовом кейсе LLM, как описано выше) и генерацию соответствующих входных данных и ожидаемых выходных данных на основе заданного контекста.

Например, в случае использования Text-to-SQL хороший генератор синтетических данных будет:

  1. Случайным образом (для разнообразия набора данных) выбирать разные таблицы в вашей базе данных и использовать их как контекст тестового кейса.

  2. Генерировать пользовательский запрос в качестве входных данных для вашего тестового кейса.

  3. Генерировать ожидаемые выходные данные на основе контекста и входных данных вашего тестового кейса.

  4. Повторять эти шаги до тех пор, пока не будет создан разумный объем данных для оценки.

Однако необходимо развивать ввод тестовых кейсов, чтобы сделать его более реалистичным и неотличимым от данных, подготовленных вручную. Этот процесс называется эволюцией, и он был изначально представлен в статье Evol-Instruct от Microsoft.

Вот быстрый способ сгенерировать синтетические данные с использованием LLM через DeepEval:

from deepeval.dataset import EvaluationDataset

dataset = EvaluationDataset()
dataset.generate_goldens_from_docs(
    document_paths=['example.pdf'],
    include_expected_output=True,
    max_goldens_per_document=
5

)

Обратите внимание, что в DeepEval мы генерируем «голдены», которые по сути являются тестовыми кейсами, но без фактических выходных данных. Это означает, что во время оценки вам нужно будет запустить вашу систему LLM для генерации фактических выходных данных для каждого голдена, чтобы сделать их полноценными тестовыми кейсами.

Метрики LLM

Метрики оценки LLM используются для автоматизации процесса оценки систем LLM. Конечно, вы можете поручить оценку систем LLM людям, но тогда вы вернетесь к неэффективной проверке выходных данных LLM. Поэтому вопрос состоит в том, как создать свою собственную метрику оценки LLM или какие метрики оценки LLM следует использовать для вашей системы LLM?

В одной из моих предыдущих статей я подробно рассказал обо всем, что вам нужно знать о метриках оценки LLM, но вкратце повторю - традиционные метрики, такие как BERT, ROUGE и n-gram, не работают, потому что выходные данные LLM слишком сложны для оценки статистическими методами или моделями, не основанных на LLM. Решение — использовать подход LLM-as-a-judge («LLM в роли судьи»).

LLM-as-a-judge предполагает использование LLM для оценки тестовых кейсов. Возможно, вы сначала отнесетесь к этому подходу скептически, но исследования показали, что использование LLM для оценки других LLM — это максимально близкий к человеческому подход корреляции.

Более высокая корреляция Спирмена и Кендалла-Тау отражает более высокую согласованность с человеческим суждением.
Более высокая корреляция Спирмена и Кендалла-Тау отражает более высокую согласованность с человеческим суждением.

Более того, такие подходы, как G-Eval, использование промптов для уменьшения объема текста, который нужно оценить в тестовом кейсе, или применение метода QAG (Question Answer Generation) для математически более точного вычисления оценки метрики для каждого тестового кейса, помогают LLM генерировать результаты, гораздо лучше соответствующие ожиданиям человека. (Я настоятельно рекомендую прочитать эту статью, если у вас есть какие-либо вопросы или вы хотите узнать больше о том, как использовать LLM для оценки других LLM.)

Ниже приведен список наиболее часто используемых метрик для оценки LLM-систем, каждая из которых оценивает различные аспекты системы:

  • Корректность

  • Релевантность ответа

  • Достоверность

  • Сходство

  • Связность

  • Контекстная полнота

  • Контекстная релевантность

  • Контекстная точность

  • Предвзятость

  • Токсичность

(DeepEval поддерживает каждую из этих метрик «из коробки», и вы можете ознакомиться с документацией, чтобы узнать больше о каждой метрике и ситуациях, в которых ее следует использовать.)

Например, вот как можно реализовать пользовательскую метрику корректности с подходом «LLM в роли судьи» на практике:

from deepeval.metrics import GEval
from deepeval.test_case import LLMTestCaseParams

correctness_metric = GEval(
    name="Correctness",
    criteria="Determine whether the actual output is factually correct based on information in the expected output.",
    evaluation_params=[
      LLMTestCaseParams.ACTUAL_OUTPUT, 
      LLMTestCaseParams.EXPECTED_OUTPUT
    ]
)

Когда вы проводите оценки на стадии разработки, следует стремиться использовать метрики на основе эталонов (reference-based metrics). Эталонные метрики сравнивают результат модели с заранее подготовленным «золотым» стандартом или идеальным ожидаемым выводом в тестовом кейсе.

Метрика релевантности ответа: безэталонная и эталонная
Метрика релевантности ответа: безэталонная и эталонная

Хотя вы можете вычислить оценку релевантности ответа, используя LLM для оценки того, насколько релевантен вывод модели по отношению к входным данным, лучше использовать эталонные выводы и сравнивать их с выводом LLM. Это связано с тем, что метрики без эталонов обычно опираются на более «свободные» критерии, из-за чего оценки метрик, вычисленных LLM, имеют тенденцию к большей вариативности для одного и того же набора тестовых кейсов по сравнению с эталонными метриками. Иными словами, эталонные метрики более надежны.

Да, на создание и подготовку эталонных тестовых наборов уходит больше времени и усилий, но, имея опыт поддержки сотен сценариев оценки LLM через DeepEval, я могу с уверенностью сказать, что это позволяет значительно точнее тестировать LLM-системы.

В следующем разделе я покажу вам, как можно полуавтоматизировать этот процесс, сгенерировав синтетические наборы данных/тестовые кейсы с использованием LLM.

Бенчмарки

Бенчмарки состоят из наборов данных для оценки и метрик LLM, и в отличие от типичных бенчмарков для LLM, все бенчмарки систем LLM являются кастомными. Это связано с тем, что:

  • Не существует стандартных метрик оценки LLM для систем LLM (даже для данного варианта использования, такого как Text-to-SQL), поскольку метрики зависят от точной архитектуры системы LLM, и не существует стандартной архитектуры для любого отдельного варианта использования.

  • Не существует стандартного набора тестовых кейсов/набора данных для оценки для конкретного варианта использования. Например, вам понадобятся два разных набора данных оценки для двух разных схем базы данных для варианта использования Text-to-SQL, поскольку пользовательские запросы и golden выходные данные SQL в тестовых кейсах будут разными.

И пока я не забыл, вот как вы можете протестировать свою систему LLM в коде, используя метрику релевантности ответа:

from deepeval.dataset import EvaluationDataset
from deepeval.test_case import LLMTestCase
from deepeval.metrics import AnswerRelevancyMetric

test_case = LLMTestCase(
  input="Why did the chicken cross the road?", 
  actual_output="Quite frankly, I don't want to know..."
)
metric = AnswerRelevancyMetric()

dataset = EvaluationDataset(test_cases=[test_case])
dataset.evaluate(metrics=[metric])

Типичные ошибки в оффлайн-оценке

Самая большая ошибка, которую можно совершить, — это предположить, что ваш набор данных для бенчмарка «достаточно хорош», чтобы его никогда не улучшать. Улучшение набора данных для бенчмарка имеет решающее значение, поскольку для того, чтобы ваш бенчмарк имел смысл, он всегда должен отражать самые последние уязвимости в вашем приложении LLM.

В следующем разделе я покажу вам, как вы можете улучшить свой набор данных для оценки бенчмарка, когда вы переводите свою систему LLM в производство.

Оценки в реальном времени

(Если ваша система LLM ещё не в продакшене, этот раздел может быть вам не актуален.)

Офлайн-оценка отлично подходит для итераций, но она ограничена полнотой вашего набора данных для тестирования. Хотя вы можете привлекать аннотаторов или использовать инструменты синтеза данных для создания новых тестовых кейсов на основе данных из вашей базы знаний, важно также включать данные из продакшена в ваши бенчмарки, чтобы симулировать взаимодействие реальных пользователей с вашим приложением LLM.

Данные из продакшена включают входные данные и ответы, которые ваша система LLM получает и генерирует в реальной рабочей среде. Но вот в чём проблема: у вас, скорее всего, не будет времени и ресурсов, чтобы проверить все ответы, сгенерированные системой LLM в продакшене, и решить, какие из них добавить в набор данных для оценки.

Представьте, что ваше приложение LLM генерирует 50 000 ответов в месяц. Скорее всего, вы не сможете просмотреть их все, не потеряв рассудок. Вы можете случайным образом выбрать 10% ответов для проверки вручную, но даже это останется крайне трудозатратной задачей. Именно поэтому оценка в реальном времени столь ценна.

Оценки в реальном времени позволяют вам легко определить ответы, которые, скорее всего, будут неудовлетворительными. Вместо случайного отбора 10% ответов, сгенерированных в продакшене, надёжная инфраструктура оценки в реальном времени позволяет фильтровать ответы, которые не соответствуют определённым критериям. Это помогает человеческим экспертам более эффективно улучшать бенчмарки вашей системы LLM, используя данные из продакшена.

Метрики LLM в продакшене

В предыдущем разделе о метриках LLM мы подчёркивали, что на этапе разработки следует использовать метрики, основанные на эталонных данных (reference-based metrics), так как они делают результаты более надёжными благодаря строгим критериям оценки.

Однако метрики, основанные на эталонных данных, невозможно применять в продакшене, так как у вас нет ожидаемых результатов для каждого сгенерированного ответа. Поэтому в продакшене применяются метрики, не основанные на эталонных данных. Ниже приведён пример метрики релевантности ответа без эталонных данных (хотя ранее мы вводили её как метрику на основе эталонов):

Метрика релевантности ответа без использования эталонов
Метрика релевантности ответа без использования эталонов

Суть подхода в том, чтобы выбрать одну или несколько метрик, не зависящих от эталонов, использовать их для оценки каждого нового ответа системы LLM, а затем на основе этих оценок определять, какие ответы следует добавить для расширения существующего набора данных для оценки.

Примеры использования

В заключение я подготовил два простых примера оффлайн-оценки LLM для новых вариантов использования системы LLM. Для каждого примера мы выполним следующие шаги:

  1. Генерация синтетических тестовых кейсов для вашего бенчмарка

  2. Выбор соответствующих метрик оценки LLM

  3. Запуск бенчмарка

Чат-бот QA

Чат-бот QA (вопрос-ответ) — это по сути поисковая система на базе чата, но в отличие от ChatGPT он не является полностью разговорным. Обычно используется для быстрого поиска информации в базе знаний. Такой чат-бот применяет подход RAG: сначала он извлекает релевантную информацию с помощью векторного поиска по базе данных, содержащей проанализированную и индексированную информацию из базы знаний, а затем передаёт эту информацию в LLM для генерации ответа на пользовательский запрос:

Гипотетическая архитектура чат-бота QA
Гипотетическая архитектура чат-бота QA

(Примечание: эта диаграмма и схема Text-to-SQL выглядят почти одинаково, поскольку оба варианта использования представляют собой упрощенную систему LLM на основе RAG)

Шаг 1: Предполагая, что у нас уже есть несколько PDF-документов, представляющих нашу базу знаний, под названием knowledge_1.pdf, knowledge_2.pdf и т. д., мы можем сгенерировать синтетические тестовые кейсы из этих документов для нашего чат-бота QA:

from deepeval.synthesizer import Synthesizer

synthesizer = Synthesizer()
goldens = synthesizer.generate_goldens_from_docs(
    document_paths=[
      'knowledge_1.pdf', 
      'knowledge_1.pdf',
      'knowledge_1.pdf',
      'knowledge_1.pdf',
      'knowledge_1.pdf',
      'knowledge_1.pdf'

    ],
    max_goldens_per_document=
15
,
    include_expected_output=True

Шаг 2: Теперь, когда у нас есть некоторые сгенерированные синтетические данные, мы можем определить наши метрики. Для этого примера мы будем использовать только две метрики: корректность и контекстную полноту.

from deepeval.metrics import GEval, ContextualRecallMetric
from deepeval.test_case import LLMTestCaseParams

contextual_recall = ContextualRecallMetric(threshold=
0.6
)
correctness = GEval(
    name="Correctness",
    criteria="Determine whether the actual output is factually correct based on the expected output.",
    evaluation_params=[
      LLMTestCaseParams.ACTUAL_OUTPUT, 
      LLMTestCaseParams.EXPECTED_OUTPUT
    ],
    threshold=
0.6

)

(Ссылка на документацию по метрикам здесь)

Метрика корректности G-Eval сравнивает фактическую правильность фактических выходных данных с ожидаемыми выходными данными, в то время как контекстная полнота оценивает, содержит ли контекст поиска всю информацию, необходимую для генерации ожидаемых выходных данных для заданных входных данных. Также обратите внимание, что мы установили порог прохождения для каждой метрики на 0,6; это означает, что тестовый кейс будет пройден, если обе метрики наберут оценку выше или равную 0,6.

(PS: Прокрутите вверх и снова посмотрите диаграмму Chatbot QA, чтобы понять, какую часть системы LLM оценивает каждая метрика.)

Шаг 3: Имея готовый набор данных оценки и метрики, мы можем запустить бенчмарк. Мы не собираемся внедрять систему чат-бота QA, но предположим, что у нас есть гипотетическая функция run_chatbot_qa(), которая возвращает сгенерированный ответ и извлеченные узлы, используемые для генерации ответа:

llm_output, retrieved_nodes = run_chatbot_qa("A user query")

Мы можем запустить бенчмарк, сначала преобразовав голдены, сгенерированные на шаге 1, в тестовые кейсы, готовые к оценке:

from deepeval.test_case import LLMTestCase
from deepeval.dataset import EvaluationDataset
...

test_cases = []
for golden in goldens:
  query = golden.input
  llm_output, retrieved_nodes = run_chatbot_qa(query)
  test_case = LLMTestCase(
    input=query,
    actual_output=llm_output,
    retrieval_context=retrieved_nodes,
    expected_output=golden.expected_output   
  )
  test_cases.append(test_case)

dataset = EvaluationDataset(test_cases=test_cases)

(Ссылка на документацию по датасету здесь)

И наконец, запустите свой бенчмарк, применяя к нашему набору данных две выбранные метрики:

...

dataset.evaluate(metrics=[correctness, contextual_recall])

Это было не так уж и сложно, верно?

Text-SQL

Text-SQL — это сценарий использования, в котором система LLM генерирует соответствующий SQL-запрос для ответа на аналитический вопрос о данных, например, «Сколько пользователей зарегистрировалось на прошлой неделе»?

Мы собираемся повторно использовать ту же диаграмму архитектуры Text-SQL, что и в начале этой статьи:

Снова гипотетическая архитектура Text-SQL
Снова гипотетическая архитектура Text-SQL

Шаг 1: На этом этапе генерации данных мы будем создавать синтетические эталонные данные (goldens) с использованием таблиц данных в схеме базы данных.

from deepeval.synthesizer import Synthesizer, UseCase

table1 = """CREATE TABLE Students (
    StudentID INT PRIMARY KEY,
    FirstName VARCHAR(50),
    LastName VARCHAR(50),
    Email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE,
    DateOfBirth DATE,
    Gender CHAR(1),
    Address VARCHAR(200),
    PhoneNumber VARCHAR(15)
);"""

table2 = """CREATE TABLE Courses (
    CourseID INT PRIMARY KEY,
    CourseName VARCHAR(100),
    TeacherID INT,
    Credits INT,
    DepartmentID INT,
    FOREIGN KEY (TeacherID) REFERENCES Teachers(TeacherID),
    FOREIGN KEY (DepartmentID) REFERENCES Departments(DepartmentID)
);"""

table3 = """CREATE TABLE Enrollments (
    EnrollmentID INT PRIMARY KEY,
    StudentID INT,
    CourseID INT,
    EnrollmentDate DATE,
    Grade CHAR(2),
    FOREIGN KEY (StudentID) REFERENCES Students(StudentID),
    FOREIGN KEY (CourseID) REFERENCES Courses(CourseID)
);"""

table4 = """CREATE TABLE Teachers (
    TeacherID INT PRIMARY KEY,
    FirstName VARCHAR(50),
    LastName VARCHAR(50),
    Email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE,
    DepartmentID INT,
    FOREIGN KEY (DepartmentID) REFERENCES Departments(DepartmentID)
);"""

synthesizer = Synthesizer()
goldens = synthesizer.generate_goldens(
    contexts=contexts,
    use_case=UseCase.TEXT2SQL,
    max_goldens_per_context=
15

)

Шаг 2: Мы будем использовать пользовательскую метрику корректности SQL и метрику контекстной полноты:

from deepeval.metrics import ContextualRecallMetric

contextual_recall = ContextualRecallMetric(threshold=
0.5
)
sql_correctness = GEval(
    name="SQL Correctness",
    evaluation_steps=[
        "Check the `actual output` for SQL syntax errors.",
        "Verify that the `actual output` SQL is compatible with the schema in the `retrieval context`, ensuring correct usage of tables and columns.",
        "Execute the `actual output` SQL and ensure the results precisely match the `expected output`.",
        "Confirm that the `actual output` SQL is indeed relevant to the `input` user query.",
    ],
    evaluation_params=[
        LLMTestCaseParams.INPUT,
        LLMTestCaseParams.ACTUAL_OUTPUT,
        LLMTestCaseParams.EXPECTED_OUTPUT,
        LLMTestCaseParams.RETRIEVAL_CONTEXT
    ],
)

(Ссылка на документацию по метрикам здесь)

Подобно метрикам, используемым в чат-боте QA, метрика корректности SQL и контекстной полноты оценивает генератор запросов и конвейер извлечения соответственно.

Шаг 3: Предположим, что у нас есть еще одна гипотетическая функция run_text_2_sql(), которая возвращает сгенерированный SQL-запрос и извлеченную таблицу, использованные для его генерации:

sql_output, retrieved_tables = run_text_2_sql("How many users signed up last week?")

Мы можем запустить бенчмарк, сначала преобразовав голдены, сгенерированные в шаге 1, в тестовые кейсы, готовые к оценке:

from deepeval.test_case import LLMTestCase
from deepeval.dataset import EvaluationDataset
...

test_cases = []
for golden in goldens:
  query = golden.input
  sql_output, retrieved_tables = run_text_2_sql(query)
  test_case = LLMTestCase(
    input=query,
    actual_output=sql_output,
    retrieval_context=retrieved_tables,
    expected_output=golden.expected_output   
  )
  test_cases.append(test_case)

dataset = EvaluationDataset(test_cases=test_cases)

(Ссылка на документацию по датасету здесь)

И наконец, запустите свой бенчмарк, применяя к нашему набору данных две выбранные метрики:

...

dataset.evaluate(metrics=[sql_correctness, contextual_recall])

Заключение

Поздравляем вас с тем, что вы дошли до этого момента! В этой статье мы узнали разницу между LLM и системами LLM и как мы можем оценивать их разными методами.

Мы познакомились с методами оффлайн-оценки, включая концепцию бенчмаркинга с использованием пользовательских наборов данных и метрик для регрессионного тестирования систем LLM, и рассмотрели, как инструмент DeepEval поддерживает весь цикл оценки. Мы также подчеркнули важность регулярного обновления наборов данных для бенчмаркинга и рассмотрели, как оценки в реальном времени в продакшене могут способствовать этому процессу. И наконец, мы подробно разобрали два распространённых сценария применения систем LLM — чатбот для вопросов и ответов (Chatbot QA) и генерацию SQL-запросов (Text-to-SQL) — и изучили подходы к их оценке.

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    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 24.06.26 22:01 robertalfred175

    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 25.06.26 21:13 Emilie Safi

    A fraudulent investment scheme operated by BTCMining.limited functions as a fake return scam. In this setup, scammers lure victims with false promises of high returns. Through manipulative tactics, they gain individuals' trust and convince them to invest, ultimately leading to financial loss. If you have ever faced a cyber threat or fallen victim to an online crypto scam and need to reach the authorities, I recommend contacting [email protected], [email protected], WhatsApp +19852969146, telegram @resqprofirm. They are a legitimate team that helps victims of online crypto scams using advanced tools.

  • 25.06.26 21:25 Emilie Safi

    So I ended up losing $38,000 to this platform. At first, they kept asking me to put in more money so I could get into my portfolio. I did that, but then they wouldn’t let me withdraw anything—just kept asking for more deposits. It got way too suspicious, so I stopped. I found this company called ResQProfirm on Google and told them what happened. They got in touch, asked me to walk them through everything, and I gave them all the proof I had. They did an amazing job tracking down my money and getting it back. Big thanks to them at [email protected] and on WhatsApp at +19852969146. Please be careful out there and always research before investing.

  • 26.06.26 01:04 robertalfred175

    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 26.06.26 01:04 robertalfred175

    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 26.06.26 02:48 Miriam Rocha

    I trusted this platform with $120,000 of my hard-earned money. Then they started asking for more deposits just so I could access my own portfolio. I paid, but every withdrawal request was denied. They kept pushing for more money. I finally stopped it just felt wrong. Desperate, I found ResQProfirm on Google. They didn't just hear me out; they truly listened. I shared all my proof, and they launched an investigation. Thanks to their hard work, they tracked and returned my funds. From the bottom of my heart, thank you to [email protected] and their WhatsApp +19852969146. Please stay safe and always verify a platform before investing

  • 26.06.26 02:52 Miško Bakić

    I got my $232,000 refund thanks to [email protected] and WhatsApp +19852969146. Highly recommended for anyone in a similar situation.

  • 26.06.26 02:56 Asunción Herrera

    A recovery of $48,330 was facilitated by [email protected]. Individuals who have experienced financial fraud may consider contacting this service.

  • 26.06.26 15:05 Riley Stephens

    If withdrawals keep getting denied, stay calm. I went through the same, and this firm helped me recover everything. Their assistance was outstanding. Contact: [ResQProFirm @Gmail|•|com], Telegram: ResQprofirm, WhatsApp: <+198> <5296> <9146>.

  • 26.06.26 15:09 Antonio Riley

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  • 28.06.26 00:37 kimberlyhebertt673

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  • 28.06.26 00:37 kimberlyhebertt673

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  • 29.06.26 11:57 Lisadonato0726

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  • 29.06.26 22:37 riley777

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  • 30.06.26 15:08 wendytaylor015

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  • 30.06.26 15:08 wendytaylor015

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  • 02.07.26 01:22 Lieneke Bonnema

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  • 02.07.26 01:26 Clara Morin

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  • 04.07.26 15:32 Fraddy Pual

    There are few companies I trust as much as FUNDSRETRIEVER. When I lost $653,000 in Ethereum to a ruthless scam, I thought my life would never be the same. The betrayal cut deep, but I refused to give up. I searched tirelessly for a legitimate way to recover what was stolen, and finally found FUNDSRETRIEVER—the most competent and compassionate recovery team I could have imagined. They handled my case with precision and care, and in the end, my entire ETH wallet was restored. More than the money, they gave me back my hope and happiness. I'm sharing my story because I want others to know that recovery is possible. If a scam has taken from you, don't hesitate—contact FUNDSRETRIEVER today. Email: FUNDSRETRIEVER1@ Gmail.com | WhatsApp: +1 603-512-1448 | Telegram: @FUNDSRETRIEVER

  • 05.07.26 14:44 lydiassmith567

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  • 05.07.26 14:44 lydiassmith567

    HIRE A HACKER YOUR STOLEN CRYPTO RECOVERY / BTC / USDT / ETH WITH THE HELP OF CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER. I want to share my experience publicly regarding cryptocurrency wallet recovery, I highly recommend you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER, a professional private investigator in the Bitcoin world. They have a certified expert security team specializing in Bitcoin Recovery Services and have helped many people worldwide recover their lost funds. My wife and I were defrauded by an online manipulator posing as an experienced crypto investment professional. We lost $9.2 Million Stolen BTC in cryptocurrency and were left feeling homeless. After spending hours searching for a reliable crypto recovery service, I discovered CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER online. By patiently explaining my situation to their team, I was able to recover all my funds. Remarkably, my money was returned to my wallet in less than 24 hours. I am extremely grateful to CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER for their excellent assistance—they truly were a godsend in my difficult situation. If you have fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, you can reach CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER through the following channels Email: [email protected] OR Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Contact: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 06.07.26 16:20 Olga Ognjanović

    Having trouble withdrawing funds from an investment platform? ResQprofirm provides fund recovery assistance for individuals seeking help with investment-related disputes. I reached out to them after experiencing problems with an investment platform, and I appreciated their professionalism and support throughout the process. If you're facing a similar situation, act promptly, keep records of your transactions and communications, and seek assistance from a qualified recovery service or the appropriate authorities. Contact: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @ResQprofirm WhatsApp: +1 985 296 9146

  • 06.07.26 16:31 Joseph Weigl

    Invest wisely and stay cautious. Don't be influenced by promises of unusually high returns or convincing sales pitches from brokers. I learned this the hard way after falling victim to an investment scam that promised huge profits. Fortunately, I acted quickly and reported the incident to a recovery firm for assistance. Contact: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Resqprofirm WhatsApp: +1 985 296 9146

  • 06.07.26 16:33 Jaran Løvlien

    A heartfelt thank you to RESQPRO FIRM for their commitment and professionalism throughout the investigation of my case. Their team worked diligently and helped recover assets valued at $88,000, which were returned to my wallet. I truly appreciate their support, clear communication, and dedication, and I'm grateful for the assistance I received. Contact: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Resqprofirm WhatsApp: +1 985 296 9146

  • 07.07.26 18:00 robertalfred175

    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 07.07.26 18:01 robertalfred175

    CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 09.07.26 19:06 Toivo Walli

    I lost 8.56btc to a fake Bitcoin mining site, I tried withdrawing but couldn't approved my process, I reported to !R£SQPROFIRM! via °R£SQproFirm°àt°gmail•com° °tEL£°gram=R£SQprofirm °whaT°Zap+198°52°96°91°46

  • 09.07.26 19:10 Misty Alexander

    Ongoing messages demanding more money before approving withdrawals are a major red flag. Stop engaging and report the incident to a trusted re­covery team. For professional support, you can contact R£sQprofirm using °ResQproFirm°àt°g,*ma'il(•)¢m°, TEL£gram ResQprofirm, or |whaTZap| +1-985-296-9146.

  • 09.07.26 19:13 Clara Soto

    Anyone receiving continued requests for additional deposits from a scam platform should immediately cut off communication and submit the case to a reputable re­covery service for investigation. R£sQprofirm is a dependable firm you can reach at °ResQproFirm°àt°g,*ma'il(•)¢om°, TEL£gram ResQprofirm, or |whaTZap| +1-985-296-9146.

  • 12.07.26 03:30 Kora Baltacha

    Time is critical. Act now by reaching out to a reputable, seasoned recovery specialist who will guide you every step of the way. You'll need to submit transaction proof, scammer details, and any other useful information. Armed with this, the experts can trace and attempt to pull your money back from the scammers' hidden accounts or wallets. Best of all, R£sQprofirm provides recovery help without charging any upfront fees. Contact them immediately via Telegram @ResQprofirm, WhatsApp +19852969146, or email [email protected].

  • 12.07.26 03:33 Pahal Mathew

    It's important to move proactively by engaging an experienced recovery specialist. They will assist you throughout the process. To help them, provide: · Transaction evidence · Scammer information · Any additional relevant details The experts will then track and try to retrieve your funds from the scammers' hidden accounts or wallets. R£sQprofirm offers recovery assistance with no upfront fees. Contact: Telegram: @ResQprofirm WhatsApp: +19852969146 Email: [email protected]

  • 13.07.26 23:49 [email protected]

    One of the biggest concerns I have about cryptocurrency is the lack of regulation. It creates opportunities for scammers to invent convincing stories and fraudulent investment schemes. Unfortunately, some social media platforms continue to display these ads because they profit from them, even after users report them.I personally clicked on a Facebook advertisement for a company called Chickenfastmining and ended up losing more than $120,000 in a scam. I reported the ad, but nothing was done. Later, through a Reddit community, I found a recovery service called CYBERBERSPY that, in my personal experience, they helped me recover $110,000 of my lost funds. If you've been a victim of a cryptocurrency scam, don't lose hope. Explore your options carefully, and always verify the legitimacy of any recovery service before trusting them or paying any fees. Based on my own experience, CYBERBERSPY was helpful to me and i was able to recover my funds back, but I encourage everyone to do their own research before using any recovery service.i highly recommend: ([email protected])

  • 15.07.26 11:53 Sarah Green

    Thank you for showing that success is possible regardless of where someone starts. Your encouragement, valuable advice, and continuous support have inspired me throughout my $160,457k crypto investment recovery journey. I truly appreciate your kindness and dedication. Resqprofirm @gmail.com Telegram: Resqprofirm

  • 15.07.26 11:58 Lily Gagné

    I sincerely appreciate you for proving that anyone can overcome challenges and achieve success. Your unwavering support throughout my trading investment scam of $88,890 recovery journey has been truly inspiring, and your guidance and wisdom have meant a great deal to me. Thank you for everything ResQprofirm@ gmail.com, ResQprofirm on the telegram.

  • 16.07.26 21:38 patricialovick86

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  • 16.07.26 21:38 patricialovick86

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  • 04.08.26 11:05 Kisnoles

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  • 19.08.26 14:50 BAYER7043

    My account was locked, and I couldn’t access my own information until [email protected] +447476618364 whats?up? helped me recover it. This lady hacker was kind and professional, but this experience showed me how risky account lockouts can be. If you’re facing the same problem, do not panic consult her A. S. A. P. Be careful with recovery agents outchea, and research their name, business, and reviews before sharing any details. Never send passwords, security codes, banking information, or copies of your ID unless you’ve confirmed who you’re dealing with. Be wary of promises that sound too good to be true, especially claims that require little information or guarantee instant access with outrageous fees.

  • 20.08.26 11:32 michaeldavenport218

    I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR WhatsApp Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 20.08.26 11:32 michaeldavenport218

    I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR WhatsApp Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 23.08.26 20:02 leslieyee

    Excellent analysis by /dataviz! I was particularly struck by how strictly the order is defined: "data meaning first, color last" and how the validator actually adjusts the palette according to OKLCH, color blindness, and WCAG standards. These rules greatly improve the quality of charts. By the way, a similar approach to clean and legible charts is highly valued in trading—for example, on the ExpertOption platform, the interface and price visualization are designed to ensure information is read instantly and without unnecessary noise.

  • 25.08.26 13:44 lydiassmith567

    HIRE A HACKER YOUR STOLEN CRYPTO RECOVERY / BTC / USDT / ETH WITH THE HELP OF CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER. I want to share my experience publicly regarding cryptocurrency wallet recovery, I highly recommend you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER, a professional private investigator in the Bitcoin world. They have a certified expert security team specializing in Bitcoin Recovery Services and have helped many people worldwide recover their lost funds. My wife and I were defrauded by an online manipulator posing as an experienced crypto investment professional. We lost $9.2 Million Stolen BTC in cryptocurrency and were left feeling homeless. After spending hours searching for a reliable crypto recovery service, I discovered CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER online. By patiently explaining my situation to their team, I was able to recover all my funds. Remarkably, my money was returned to my wallet in less than 24 hours. I am extremely grateful to CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER for their excellent assistance—they truly were a godsend in my difficult situation. If you have fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, you can reach CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER through the following channels Email: [email protected] OR Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684 Contact: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 25.08.26 13:44 lydiassmith567

    HIRE A HACKER YOUR STOLEN CRYPTO RECOVERY / BTC / USDT / ETH WITH THE HELP OF CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER. I want to share my experience publicly regarding cryptocurrency wallet recovery, I highly recommend you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER, a professional private investigator in the Bitcoin world. They have a certified expert security team specializing in Bitcoin Recovery Services and have helped many people worldwide recover their lost funds. My wife and I were defrauded by an online manipulator posing as an experienced crypto investment professional. We lost $9.2 Million Stolen BTC in cryptocurrency and were left feeling homeless. After spending hours searching for a reliable crypto recovery service, I discovered CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER online. By patiently explaining my situation to their team, I was able to recover all my funds. Remarkably, my money was returned to my wallet in less than 24 hours. I am extremely grateful to CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER for their excellent assistance—they truly were a godsend in my difficult situation. If you have fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, you can reach CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER through the following channels Email: [email protected] OR Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684 Contact: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 30.08.26 15:37 [email protected]

    Discovering I had been defrauded, I searched online for services claiming to recover stolen ETH. I contacted several companies, but none succeeded. Although some claimed they could trace assets or recover funds, I could not verify their success or recover my money. I later found SYLVESTER BRYANT Recovery through Google. After contacting him, he recovered 450,000,00. He can be reached at [email protected] or WhatsApp at +1 512 577 7957.

  • 30.08.26 15:37 [email protected]

    Discovering I had been defrauded, I searched online for services claiming to recover stolen ETH. I contacted several companies, but none succeeded. Although some claimed they could trace assets or recover funds, I could not verify their success or recover my money. I later found SYLVESTER BRYANT Recovery through Google. After contacting him, he recovered 450,000,00. He can be reached at [email protected] or WhatsApp at +1 512 577 7957.

  • 01.09.26 11:16 lisawerth897

    My Experience With Cryptocurrency — CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER I lost over $82,000 in Bitcoin after falling victim to a fraudulent online investment scheme. After realizing I had been scammed, I spent considerable time researching possible ways to recover my funds. During my research, I came across CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER and decided to contact them after reading their reported success record and encouraging client positive reviews and testimonials. Their team guided me through the recovery process, and I was grateful to successfully recover my lost cryptocurrency. The experience was challenging, but I appreciated the assistance and support I received throughout the process. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it may encourage other victims to carefully research their options and verify any recovery service before proceeding. I will forever be thankful to you CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER 📧 [email protected] 🌐 Website: recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 📧 [email protected] 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 01.09.26 11:16 lisawerth897

    My Experience With Cryptocurrency — CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER I lost over $82,000 in Bitcoin after falling victim to a fraudulent online investment scheme. After realizing I had been scammed, I spent considerable time researching possible ways to recover my funds. During my research, I came across CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER and decided to contact them after reading their reported success record and encouraging client positive reviews and testimonials. Their team guided me through the recovery process, and I was grateful to successfully recover my lost cryptocurrency. The experience was challenging, but I appreciated the assistance and support I received throughout the process. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it may encourage other victims to carefully research their options and verify any recovery service before proceeding. I will forever be thankful to you CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER 📧 [email protected] 🌐 Website: recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 📧 [email protected] 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 01.09.26 17:34 Garry42

    Really crazy world. These fraudsters go at any length to steal your hard earned funds. I have been a victim of a bitcoin scam about 7 months back. A Con artist gained access to my cashapp account through a phishing scam. They stole $409,000. I was really devastated. I did everything to get back my funds by contacting the FBI but they claimed there was nothing they could do. A friend told me about a recovery expert. He helps fight against various phishing and investment scams and they were able to help trace and recover my funds even though it took over 2 days. you can reach out to him through recoverydarek@gmail. com . I can guarantee his services are still active.

  • 01.09.26 17:34 Garry42

    Really crazy world. These fraudsters go at any length to steal your hard earned funds. I have been a victim of a bitcoin scam about 7 months back. A Con artist gained access to my cashapp account through a phishing scam. They stole $409,000. I was really devastated. I did everything to get back my funds by contacting the FBI but they claimed there was nothing they could do. A friend told me about a recovery expert. He helps fight against various phishing and investment scams and they were able to help trace and recover my funds even though it took over 2 days. you can reach out to him through recoverydarek@gmail. com . I can guarantee his services are still active.

  • 02.09.26 03:43 kimberlyhebertt6877

    I invested in bitcoin trading After losing $78.4 USDT) linked to a romance fraud scam worth of cryptocurrency through an online investment platform and later discovered it was a scam. After extensive research for recovery options, I contacted CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER based on positive client reviews and recommendations. Their professional security team guided me through the recovery process using advanced technology, and I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency successfully. I am truly grateful for their support and assistance during such a difficult experience. I will advise you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER helped me recover my funds. For anyone facing similar issues, Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] WhatsApp/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 02.09.26 03:43 kimberlyhebertt6877

    I invested in bitcoin trading After losing $78.4 USDT) linked to a romance fraud scam worth of cryptocurrency through an online investment platform and later discovered it was a scam. After extensive research for recovery options, I contacted CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER based on positive client reviews and recommendations. Their professional security team guided me through the recovery process using advanced technology, and I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency successfully. I am truly grateful for their support and assistance during such a difficult experience. I will advise you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER helped me recover my funds. For anyone facing similar issues, Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] WhatsApp/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 04.09.26 21:51 Kovengray

    Recovering your lost investment funds as the case might be, is not what you can do alone, you’d require the service of a trained recovery specialist. A recovery specialist is a person or a group of people who are well equipped to work around the brokerage network. They have vast knowledge about the whole network and have the right software and private keys to follow any transaction. I was ripped off trading online to an investment broker, good thing I got every penny back through the help of Gavin ray he’s a genius Contact : Gavinray78 at gmail com or WhatsApp +1 352 322 2096 It is also important to be patient and really calm during the process.

  • 05.09.26 21:38 [email protected]

    I invested 45,000  Euro, and later aggreviated to 198,000 Euro.  I requested  to place ‎Withdrawal of my funds to be paid to my Bank account. But nothing happened I was subjected to pay more fee until I can get my funds on my account, i got in touch with Theodore ryan here on this platform who had helped a lot of people, I followed all instructions and he legally got back my withheld funds, I got threatened by the company that if I don’t pay they will get my account frozen, all thanks to Theodore ryan and I highly recommend him to anyone dealing with an unregulated broker company… contact him on his Gmail - theodoreryan318@  gmail .  com

  • 09.09.26 21:31 lisawerth897

    My Experience With Cryptocurrency — CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER I lost over $82,000 in Bitcoin after falling victim to a fraudulent online investment scheme. After realizing I had been scammed, I spent considerable time researching possible ways to recover my funds. During my research, I came across CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER and decided to contact them after reading their reported success record and encouraging client positive reviews and testimonials. Their team guided me through the recovery process, and I was grateful to successfully recover my lost cryptocurrency. The experience was challenging, but I appreciated the assistance and support I received throughout the process. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it may encourage other victims to carefully research their options and verify any recovery service before proceeding. I will forever be thankful to you CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER 📧 [email protected] 🌐 Website: recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 📧 [email protected] 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 09.09.26 21:31 lisawerth897

    My Experience With Cryptocurrency — CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER I lost over $82,000 in Bitcoin after falling victim to a fraudulent online investment scheme. After realizing I had been scammed, I spent considerable time researching possible ways to recover my funds. During my research, I came across CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER and decided to contact them after reading their reported success record and encouraging client positive reviews and testimonials. Their team guided me through the recovery process, and I was grateful to successfully recover my lost cryptocurrency. The experience was challenging, but I appreciated the assistance and support I received throughout the process. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it may encourage other victims to carefully research their options and verify any recovery service before proceeding. I will forever be thankful to you CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER 📧 [email protected] 🌐 Website: recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 📧 [email protected] 📞 Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 09.09.26 23:22 Fraddy Pual

    Hearing that these individuals are focusing on other people makes me very sad. I had a similar situation with them and lost a lot of money, but after learning about (Cruxcipherteam @ proton DoT me), whataqq:+168160-15021, telegram: @Cruxcipherteam I was able to get my money back. It's critical that we all be watchful and keep reporting these occurrences.

  • 11.09.26 03:23 kimberlyhebertt6877

    I invested in bitcoin trading After losing $78.4 USDT) linked to a romance fraud scam worth of cryptocurrency through an online investment platform and later discovered it was a scam. After extensive research for recovery options, I contacted CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER based on positive client reviews and recommendations. Their professional security team guided me through the recovery process using advanced technology, and I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency successfully. I am truly grateful for their support and assistance during such a difficult experience. I will advise you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER helped me recover my funds. For anyone facing similar issues, Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] WhatsApp/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 11.09.26 03:23 kimberlyhebertt6877

    I invested in bitcoin trading After losing $78.4 USDT) linked to a romance fraud scam worth of cryptocurrency through an online investment platform and later discovered it was a scam. After extensive research for recovery options, I contacted CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER based on positive client reviews and recommendations. Their professional security team guided me through the recovery process using advanced technology, and I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency successfully. I am truly grateful for their support and assistance during such a difficult experience. I will advise you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER helped me recover my funds. For anyone facing similar issues, Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1 Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] WhatsApp/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684

  • 15.09.26 03:35 elioduncan

    I fell victim to a freelance web development contract scam that ultimately cost me CAD 4,000. It all started when I came across a job posting on Indeed Canada, a popular online job portal. The position seemed perfect: a freelance web developer role for an established company looking for someone to design and build a fully functional e-commerce website. The job promised a high payment of CAD 20,000 upon successful completion, which sounded like a great opportunity for me to gain experience and earn decent pay.The employer, who introduced himself as a project manager from a "well-known" tech company, was very persuasive and professional in our initial communication. He explained that the project involved developing a user-friendly, responsive online store for their client and that they had a strict timeline to meet. He assured me that the payment would be made promptly after completing the tasks. However, before starting the work, he told me that I would need to pay an upfront fee of CAD 4,000 to cover certain software tools and licensing fees required for the project. This was supposedly a part of their company policy for freelance contractors, ensuring access to their premium resources. The idea of working on a professional project, coupled with the promise of a substantial payout, convinced me to pay the upfront fee.As soon as I made the payment, the project manager became increasingly difficult to reach. He initially responded to my emails and provided some vague instructions on what the project would entail, but as time went on, communication slowed to a complete halt. I never received the required tools or any proper project details. My emails went unanswered, and any attempts to contact the company were met with silence. After waiting for weeks, I realized that I had been scammed.Desperate to recover my money, I turned to TechY Force Cyber Retrieval, a service that specializes in helping victims of online scams. They helped me track the payment and took legal steps to pursue the fraudsters. Through their guidance, I was able to recover the full CAD 4,000. TechY Force Cyber Retrieval worked with my bank to reverse the transaction and liaised with the authorities to trace the scammer's details.This was a hard lesson, and I now know to be highly cautious about online job offers that require upfront payments. It is crucial to research companies thoroughly and avoid any job that seems too good to be true, especially when it involves paying money upfront. WhatsApp https://wa.link/2x6ktp Mail. [email protected]

  • 15.09.26 15:45 lydiassmith567

    HIRE A HACKER YOUR STOLEN CRYPTO RECOVERY / BTC / USDT / ETH WITH THE HELP OF CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER. I want to share my experience publicly regarding cryptocurrency wallet recovery, I highly recommend you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER, a professional private investigator in the Bitcoin world. They have a certified expert security team specializing in Bitcoin Recovery Services and have helped many people worldwide recover their lost funds. My wife and I were defrauded by an online manipulator posing as an experienced crypto investment professional. We lost $9.2 Million Stolen BTC in cryptocurrency and were left feeling homeless. After spending hours searching for a reliable crypto recovery service, I discovered CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER online. By patiently explaining my situation to their team, I was able to recover all my funds. Remarkably, my money was returned to my wallet in less than 24 hours. I am extremely grateful to CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER for their excellent assistance—they truly were a godsend in my difficult situation. If you have fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, you can reach CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER through the following channels Email: [email protected] OR Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684 Contact: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

  • 15.09.26 15:45 lydiassmith567

    HIRE A HACKER YOUR STOLEN CRYPTO RECOVERY / BTC / USDT / ETH WITH THE HELP OF CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER. I want to share my experience publicly regarding cryptocurrency wallet recovery, I highly recommend you to contact CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER, a professional private investigator in the Bitcoin world. They have a certified expert security team specializing in Bitcoin Recovery Services and have helped many people worldwide recover their lost funds. My wife and I were defrauded by an online manipulator posing as an experienced crypto investment professional. We lost $9.2 Million Stolen BTC in cryptocurrency and were left feeling homeless. After spending hours searching for a reliable crypto recovery service, I discovered CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER online. By patiently explaining my situation to their team, I was able to recover all my funds. Remarkably, my money was returned to my wallet in less than 24 hours. I am extremely grateful to CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER for their excellent assistance—they truly were a godsend in my difficult situation. If you have fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, you can reach CAPITAL CRYPTO RECOVER through the following channels Email: [email protected] OR Call/WhatsApp: +1 (336) 390-6684 Contact: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1

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