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[Перевод] Может ли ИИ заменить врача-терапевта? Исследование ученых из Google DeepMind

Представьте себе типичное воскресное утро: Сергей просыпается с небольшим кашлем и, вместо того чтобы выпить чай с медом, немедленно консультируется со своим любимым ИИ-помощником.

"У меня лёгкий кашель," — пишет он.

ИИ анализирует сообщение и выдаёт: "По моим данным, у вас, возможно, одно из следующего: простуда, аллергия, пневмония, бронхит, туберкулёз, легочный фиброз или редкое тропическое заболевание, о котором вы, вероятно, никогда не слышали."
К вечеру Сергей уже убежден, что у него неизлечимая экзотическая болезнь. Он заказывает лекарства из пятнадцати стран, составляет завещание и звонит родственникам попрощаться. А на следующий день кашель проходит сам собой.

Комичная ситуация, не правда ли? Группа ученых из Google Research и Google DeepMind решила выяснить, справедлива ли привычная ирония в отношении ИИ-диагностики. Результаты опубликовали не где-нибудь, а в журнале Nature, и этот хабрапост — адаптированный перевод этой статьи.

Сможет ли ИИ превзойти опытных терапевтов в составлении точных дифференциальных диагнозов? Смогут ли результаты исследования перевернуть наше представление о роли искусственного интеллекта в медицине? И речь идет не о простудах и аллергиях — нужно выявлять редкие и сложные заболевания, зачастую ускользающие от внимания человека-врача…

Аннотация

Ключевой элемент медицинской помощи — всесторонний дифференциальный диагноз (ДД) — это не моментальное озарение, а методичная работа врача по сбору и осмыслению различной информации о пациенте. Врач последовательно анализирует совокупность данных — клинический анамнез, результаты осмотра, лабораторных и инструментальных исследований и процедур.

Интерактивные интерфейсы на базе больших языковых моделей (LLM) открывают новые возможности для содействия и автоматизации некоторых аспектов этого процесса (1). В данной работе ученые представляют Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer (AMIE) — большую языковую модель (LLM), оптимизированную для диагностических рассуждений, и оценивают ее способность генерировать дифференциальный диагноз как самостоятельно, так и в качестве вспомогательного инструмента для клиницистов.

Двадцать клиницистов оценили 302 сложных медицинских случая из реальной практики, взятых из опубликованных описаний клинических случаев. Каждое описание случая было рассмотрено двумя клиницистами, которые были случайным образом распределены в одну из двух групп исследования: использование поисковых систем и стандартных медицинских ресурсов; или использование AMIE в дополнение к этим инструментам. Все клиницисты предоставляли исходный дифференциальный диагноз без посторонней помощи перед использованием соответствующих вспомогательных инструментов.

AMIE продемонстрировала самостоятельную производительность, превосходящую производительность клиницистов без помощи (точность top-10 59,1% против 33,6%, P = 0,04). При сравнении двух исследовательских групп с использованием помощи, оценка качества дифференциального диагноза была выше у клиницистов, которым помогала AMIE (точность top-10 51,7%), по сравнению с клиницистами без ее помощи (36,1%; критерий Мак-Немара: 45,7, P < 0,01) и клиницистами, использующими поиск (44,4%; критерий Мак-Немара: 4,75, P = 0,03). Кроме того, клиницисты, которым помогала AMIE, составляли более полные списки дифференциальных диагнозов, чем те, кто не использовал помощь AMIE.

Исследование предполагает, что AMIE имеет потенциал для улучшения диагностических рассуждений и точности диагностики в сложных случаях, что заслуживает дальнейшей оценки в реальных условиях и способствует расширению возможностей врачей и доступа пациентов к экспертным знаниям уровня специалистов.

Основная часть

Точный диагноз является критически важным компонентом эффективной медицинской помощи. Создание систем искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), способных выполнять эту важную задачу или помогать в ней клиницистам, уже давно является одной из важнейших глобальных задач(2). В то время как предыдущие исследования были сосредоточены на оценке способности машины точно выдавать диагноз (1,3,4,5), реальная клиническая практика включает итеративный и интерактивный процесс рассуждений о ДД, взвешивание множества диагностических возможностей в свете постоянно увеличивающегося объема клинической информации.

Глубокое обучение было применено с многообещающим эффектом для генерации ДД в ряде специальностей, включая радиологию (4), офтальмологию (5) и дерматологию (3), но такие системы не обладают интерактивными возможностями для свободного ассистирования пользователю посредством коммуникации на естественном языке.

Появление больших языковых моделей (LLM) предоставляет возможность для разработки новых интерактивных инструментов и интерфейсов для помощи в ДД. Эти модели продемонстрировали способность выполнять сложные задачи понимания языка и рассуждений, генерируя связный текст и тем самым обеспечивая большое разнообразие реальных применений (6,7,8,9).

Как LLM общего назначения (GPT-4), так и LLM, специализированные для медицинской области (Med-PaLM 2), показали высокую производительность на стандартизированных медицинских бенчмарках и тестах с множественным выбором (10,11). Такие оценки представляют собой естественную отправную точку для изучения медицинских знаний и возможностей модели, но не измеряют полезность в реальных сценариях оказания медицинской помощи, например, в сложных медицинских случаях, с которыми сталкиваются квалифицированные врачи. Также не очевидно, как эти модели могут активно помогать клиницистам в разработке ДД.

Недавние работы начали оценивать качество самостоятельной работы этих моделей на сложных описаниях случаев, требующих комплексной дедукции и диагностики (1,12,13,14), но не дошли до оценки того, как они могут помогать клиницистам, повышать их производительность и расширять их возможности для предоставления лучшей помощи.

Здесь представляем AMIE, LLM, оптимизированную для клинических диагностических рассуждений с целью генерации ДД для сложных медицинских случаев из реальной практики. Помимо измерения самостоятельной производительности, интегрировали эту модель в интерактивный интерфейс, чтобы измерить, насколько хорошо AMIE может помогать клиницистам в разработке ДД.

Используя набор сложных описаний реальных случаев из клинико-патологических конференций (Clinicopathological Conferences, CPC) журнала New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), сравнили способность клиницистов формировать ДД с помощью AMIE и с доступом к традиционным инструментам поиска информации (таким как интернет-поиск и книги). AMIE достигла впечатляющей производительности как в генерации списков ДД, содержащих правильный диагноз (точность top-10), так и в определении правильного окончательного диагноза как наиболее вероятного в списке (точность top-1).

При автоматизированной оценке на основе модели качество и точность списка ДД, созданного AMIE, оказались значительно лучше, чем у модели "state-of-the-art" GPT-4, доступной на момент проведения экспериментов (1). Возможно, что еще важнее, AMIE также улучшила диагностические способности клиницистов, что измерялось качеством их списков ДД для оцененных случаев.

LLM, оптимизированные для критически важной с точки зрения безопасности медицинской области, такие как эта, представляют новую парадигму помощи клиницистам из-за потенциального разнообразия способов, которыми конкретный индивидуум может взаимодействовать с системой и использовать ее в совместных рассуждениях.

Подробное объяснение случаев, их компонентов, способа их подачи в модель, схемы рандомизации AMIE по сравнению со стандартной практикой, а также информация об экспертах-оценщиках (expert raters) модели и о том, как результаты оценивались в слепых тестах, можно найти в разделе «Методы».

При оценке качества списков ДД использовали несколько критериев, вдохновленных подходом, принятым в работе (1), и расширенных для получения дополнительных инсайтов от клиницистов. Во-первых, измеряли, совпадает ли окончательный диагноз с записью в списке ДД и на какой позиции (точность top-n). Во-вторых, использовали оценку качества из работы Bond et al. (15) и создали шкалы уместности (appropriateness) и полноты (comprehensiveness). В совокупности эти показатели оценивают общее качество, уместность и полноту ДД.

При использовании AMIE для помощи, клиницисты задавали в среднем 2,92 вопроса в интерфейсе (медиана 2, межквартильный размах (IQR) 1–4). В среднем вопросы клиницистов состояли из 9,39 слов (медиана 10, IQR 6–12) и 54,31 символов (медиана 61, IQR 39–63). Ответы AMIE в среднем состояли из 237,60 слов (медиана 198, IQR 127–332) и 1 540,81 символов (медиана 1 276; IQR 815–2210).

Когда врачам разрешали использовать поиск, наиболее популярными инструментами оказались UpToDate (использовался в 34% задач), Google Search (30%) и PubMed (22%). В сценарии проверки возможностей нейросети, клиницистам было разрешено использовать всё те же инструменты, но, по факту, этим почти никто не занимался. Вместе с нейросетью, инструментами поиска пользовались менее чем в 5% задач.

Производительность AMIE в генерации ДД

Списки ДД, созданные языковой моделью, достигли высоких оценок качества, уместности и полноты (см. Рис. 1). Медианная оценка качества составила 5 («ДД включает правильный диагноз»), причем 54% списков ДД получили эту оценку. Количество случаев, получивших оценку 5 (т.е. ДД включал правильный диагноз), было статистически значимо выше для AMIE по сравнению с клиницистами без помощи (критерий Мак-Немара: 64,4, P < 0,01). Средняя оценка уместности составила 4,43 из 5 (стандартное отклонение (s.d.) 0,92). Медианная оценка полноты составила 4 («ДД содержит всех разумных кандидатов»), причем 55% списков ДД получили эту оценку.

Рис. 1: Оценка качества списков ДД от врачей общей практики.

а) Оценка качества ДД на основе вопроса: «Насколько близки были дифференциальные диагнозы (ДД) к включению окончательного диагноза?»
b) Оценка полноты ДД на основе вопроса: «Используя ваш список ДД в качестве эталона/золотого стандарта, насколько полны списки ДД от каждого из экспертов?»
c) Оценка уместности ДД на основе вопроса: «Насколько уместны были списки ДД от разных медицинских экспертов по сравнению со списком дифференциальных диагнозов, который вы только что составили?»

Цвета соответствуют группам эксперимента, а оттенок цвета соответствует разным уровням на шкалах оценки. Во всех случаях AMIE и клиницисты, которым помогала AMIE, получили самые высокие общие оценки. Числа отражают количество случаев (из 302). Обратите внимание, что у клиницистов была возможность ответить «Я не уверен» на эти вопросы; они использовали эту опцию в очень небольшом количестве (менее 1%) случаев.

Средняя оценка уместности AMIE (4,34) была значительно выше, чем у клиницистов без помощи (3,74) (парный t-критерий (paired t-test) 8,52, P < 0,001, критерий знаковых рангов Уилкоксона (Wilcoxon signed-rank test): 2 857,5, P < 0,001) или у клиницистов с возможностью использовать инструменты поиска (3,80) (парный t-критерий 7,23, P < 0,001, критерий знаковых рангов Уилкоксона: 3 308,5, P < 0,001) или «LLM» (4,06) (парный t-критерий 4,98, P < 0,001, критерий знаковых рангов Уилкоксона: 2 752,0, P < 0,001).

Для расчета точности top-n, если какой-либо из первых n диагнозов в индивидуальном ДД был помечен языковой моделью как правильный, дифференциальный диагноз считался правильным. Была рассчитана доля правильных списков ДД по всем случаям, чтобы вычислить точность top-n (для n от 1 до 10) для каждого ДД. AMIE стабильно генерировала списки, которые хорошо сопоставляются с истинным диагнозом (Рис. 2).

AMIE предоставила правильный диагноз в 177 (59%) списках, и в 89 (29%) списках он был на первом месте. Эти показатели выше, чем достигнутые клиницистами в любом из условий. Точность top-10 AMIE (59,1%) была значительно выше, чем точность top-10 для клиницистов без помощи (33,6%) (P = 0,04) (Табл. 1 и 2).

Рис. 2: Точность Top-n в списках ДД по результатам человеческой и автоматизированной оценок.

Процентная точность списков ДД с окончательным диагнозом по результатам человеческой оценки (слева) или автоматизированной оценки (справа). Точки отражают среднее значение; закрашенные области показывают ±1 стандартное отклонение (s.d.) от среднего.

Табл. 1 Точность Top-1 и top-10 списков ДД, созданных с помощью AMIE и поиска

Model only			Human
	AMIE		Before assistance		After Search assistance		After AMIE assistance
Metrics	Top-1↑	Top-10↑	Top-1↑	Top-10↑	Top-1↑	Top-10↑	Top-1↑	Top-10↑
Full set (302 cases)	29,2%	59,1%	15,9%	33,6%	24,3%	44,5%	25,2%	51,8%
Set with no overlap (56 cases)	35,4%	55,4%	13,8%	34,6%	29,2%	46,2%	24,6%	52,3%
Difference compared to full set	+6,2%	-3,7%	-2,1%	+1,0%	+4,9%	+1,7%	-0,6%	+0,5%
Set with partial overlap (249 cases)	29,9%	61,4%	14,9%	33,1%	24,3%	44,2%	24,7%	51,4
Difference compared to full set	+0,7%	+2,3%	-1,0%	-0,5%	0%	-0,3%	-0,5%	-0,4%

Табл. 2 Точность Top-1 и top-10 списков ДД, созданных с помощью AMIE и поиска, по специальностям

	Model only		Human
	AMIE		Before assistance		After Search assistance		After AMIE assistance
Metrics	Top-1^↑	Top-10^↑	Top-1^↑	Top-10^↑	Top-1^↑	Top-10^↑	Top-1^↑	Top-10^↑
Internal medicine (159 cases)	27.7%	61.6%	15.5%	34.6%	24.5%	47.8%	24.5%	52.8%
Neurology (42 cases)	26.8%	56.1%	17.1%	31.7%	22.0%	36.6%	24.4%	51.2%
Paediatrics (33 cases)	30.3%	45.5%	6.1%	22.7%	12.1%	33.3%	15.2%	30.3%
Psychiatry (10 cases)	50.0%	70.0%	20.0%	50.0%	20.0%	60.0%	30.0%	60.0%

Рис. 2 показывает точность на основе человеческой и автоматизированной метрики. Результаты в целом схожи, несмотря на то, что окончательные диагнозы часто бывают сложными и имеют нюансы, автоматизированная метрика точно отражает различие между списком ДД, который включает правильный диагноз, и тем, который его не включает.

Клиницисты в исследовании не были обязаны предоставлять полный список из десяти диагнозов для каждого случая. Клиницисты в условиях I и II должны были предоставить минимум три диагноза. Медианное количество предоставленных диагнозов было шесть.

Производительность при n = 6 имеет особое значение. Не все клиницисты предоставили шесть диагнозов, поэтому ввели переменную top-n, где для каждого случая n устанавливалось равным количеству диагнозов, предоставленных клиницистами-людьми. По переменной top-n производительность AMIE составила 59,4% — это похоже на производительность при n = 9 и n = 10. Следовательно, тот факт, что AMIE выдавала полный список из десяти диагнозов, не давал ей преимущества по сравнению с клиницистами.

AMIE как ассистент для ДД

Из списков ДД, созданных до получения помощи, лишь 37% (без использования инструментов поиска) и 29% (без использования AMIE) достигли оценки качества 5 (Рис. 1). Для сравнения, 49% списков, созданных с помощью AMIE, получили оценку 5.

Количество случаев, получивших оценку 5 (т.е. ДД включал правильный диагноз), было статистически выше для клиницистов, которым помогала AMIE, по сравнению с клиницистами без помощи (критерий Мак-Немара: 48,3, P < 0,01) и клиницистами с помощью инструментов поиска (5,45, P = 0,02).

По полноте, количество случаев, получивших оценку 4 (т.е. «ДД содержит все разумные варианты»), было статистически выше для клиницистов, которым помогала AMIE, по сравнению с клиницистами без помощи (критерий Мак-Немара: 185,8, P < 0,01) и клиницистами с помощью инструментов поиска (185,8, P < 0,01). В качестве проверки согласованности, количество случаев, получивших оценку 4, не было статистически выше для базовых значений при использовании поиска (I) и базовых значений для AMIE (II) (критерий Мак-Немара: 1,47, P = 0,23).

Средняя оценка уместности после помощи с AMIE (4,06) была значительно выше, чем после применения с «поиска» (3,80) (парный t-критерий 3,32, P = 0,001) и в исходном состоянии (baseline) (3,74) (парный t-критерий 4,79, P < 0,001).

Таким образом, при поддержке AMIE оценки качества, уместности и полноты списков ДД были выше, чем для списков до получения помощи (см. Рис. 1).

Точность top-n увеличилась с помощью AMIE по сравнению с работой без помощи (см. Рис. 2).

Диаграмма Сэнки (Sankey diagram) иллюстрирует влияние двух форм помощи (поиск и AMIE) на точность top-10 (Рис. 3).

При использовании AMIE, есть 73 случая, в которых окончательный диагноз не фигурировал до использования инструмента, его включили после помощи от AMIE. Этот результат контрастирует только с 37 случаями при использовании поиска. Сравнивая две исследовательские группы с использованием помощи, оценка качества ДД была выше для клиницистов, которым помогала AMIE (точность top-10 51,7%), по сравнению с клиницистами без ее помощи (36,1%) (критерий Мак-Немара: 45,7, P < 0,01) и клиницистами с поиском (44,4%) (4,75, P = 0,03).

Рис. 3: Диаграмма Сэнки, показывающая эффект помощи.

a) На левой части диаграммы, в 73 случаях, окончательный правильный диагноз появился в списке ДД только после того, как врачам начала помогать AMIE.
b) При использовании инструментов поиска, окончательный правильный диагноз появился в списке ДД только после помощи в 37 случаях.
В небольшом меньшинстве случаев в обеих группах (AMIE: 11 (a); поиск: 12 (b)) окончательный диагноз присутствовал в списке ДД до помощи, но отсутствовал в списке после помощи.

Продолжительность выполнения задачи с AMIE и поиском

Время, затраченное на создание обновленных списков ДД в условии «поиск» по сравнению с условием «AMIE», было схожим («поиск»: 7,19 ± 5,33 мин, AMIE: 7,29 ± 6,41 мин (среднее ± ст. откл.)). Эти значения не имели статистически значимых различий (парный t-критерий P = 0,807), что удивительно, поскольку все клиницисты имели опыт использования интернет-поиска и других инструментов извлечения информации, но использовали интерфейс AMIE впервые. Предполагалось, что им потребуется больше времени на использование AMIE из-за начальной кривой обучения (learning curve).

Длина списков ДД с AMIE и поиском

Без помощи медианная длина списков ДД составляла 6 (IQR 5–9); среднее значение было 6,41 (s.d. 2,39). С поиском, медианная длина списка ДД составляла 7 (IQR 5–10); среднее значение было 6,92 (s.d. 2,52). С AMIE, медианная длина списка ДД составляла 8 (IQR 6–10); среднее значение было 7,58 (s.d. 2,33). С помощью AMIE, длина списков ДД была больше, чем без помощи (парный t-критерий: 7,13, P < 0,001) и длиннее, чем списки ДД с помощью поиска (парный t-критерий: 3,15, P = 0,002).

Сравнение AMIE с GPT-4

Поскольку не было того же набора людей-оценщиков, которые оценивали дифференциальные диагнозы, созданные GPT-4 и AMIE, не удалось напрямую сравнивать показатели точности top-10. Поэтому, в дизайне исследования оценивается производительность на этом подмножестве: из 70 случаев (описанных в [1]), используется автоматизированная метрика (которая, как показано выше, относительно согласуется с человеческой оценкой). AMIE показывает лучшую производительность по точности top-n для n > 1, причем разрыв наиболее заметен для n > 2 (Рис. 4). Это предполагает потенциально значительные улучшения в качестве и полноте дифференциальных диагнозов, созданных AMIE. Для n = 1 GPT-4 показывает несколько лучшую, но статистически не значимую производительность.

Рис. 4: Точность Top-n в списках ДД от разных LLM.

Сравнение процентного соотношения списков ДД, включавших окончательный диагноз, для AMIE по сравнению с GPT-4 для 70 случаев. Использовали Med-PaLM 2, GPT-4 и AMIE в качестве оценщиков — все показали схожие тенденции. Точки отражают среднее значение; закрашенные области показывают отклонение ±1 s.d. от среднего по 10 испытаниям (trials).
Полный размер изображения

Обсуждение

В статье использовалась популярная серия сложных диагностических задач для оценки LLM, оптимизированной для клинических рассуждений и диагностики (AMIE); как в самостоятельном качестве, так и в рамках рандомизированных сравнений в качестве вспомогательного инструмента для врачей.

В самостоятельной производительности, AMIE генерировала более уместные и полные списки ДД, чем врачи без помощи, причем ее списки с большей вероятностью включали окончательный диагноз, чем списки от сертифицированного врача-терапевта, независимо от того, какая позиция в списке ДД рассматривалась (т.е. точность top-n при n от 1 до 10).
Клиницисты, использующие AMIE в качестве ассистента, создавали ДД с более высокой точностью top-n, а также с бóльшим качеством, уместностью и полнотой по сравнению с тем, что наблюдается в работе врачей вне исследования.

Клинические случаи из New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM CPC), рассматриваемые здесь, хорошо известны тем, что представляют собой уникальные и сложные клинические головоломки. В этих особых условиях система AMIE превзошла обычных сертифицированных врачей как по точности первого предложенного диагноза (top-1), так и по точности списка возможных диагнозов (top-n).

Хотя CPC традиционно служат эталоном для проверки навыков сложной диагностики, важно понимать, что успешность в решении этих случаев не отражает общую компетентность врача в его повседневной работе (16). Более того, сам процесс формирования дифференциального диагноза (ДД) включает множество других этапов, не охваченных данным исследованием, включая целенаправленный сбор информации в условиях неопределенности. Эта задача остаётся трудной для систем искусственного интеллекта, несмотря на недавние технические прорывы в этой области (17, 18, 19).

Исходя из этого, необходимо быть очень осторожным в работе с результатами. Тем не менее, контролируемая оценка отразила выводы других недавних работ, исследующих производительность LLM и «генераторов ДД» до-LLM эпохи на меньших подмножествах NEJM CPC, которые показали потенциал автоматизированных технологий для достижения правильного ДД с более высоким качеством, чем врачи, которые не пользовались помощью при анализе сложных случаев (1,12,13,20). Хотя это представляет собой шаг вперед по сравнению с историческими попытками автоматизации ДД в NEJM CPC, в которых компьютеризированные подходы считались откровенно ненадежными для практического использования (21), такие исследования также уделяли ограниченное внимание качеству ДД, генерируемых этими автоматизированными системами, или их роли в качестве вспомогательных инструментов.

Эта работа расширяет предыдущие наблюдения и демонстрирует, что:
а) AMIE с большей вероятностью приходит к правильному ответу или предоставляла правильный ответ в списке;
б) ДД, сформированные AMIE, оценены независимыми экспертами как более уместные и полные, чем ответы сертифицированных специалистов с доступом к справочным материалам и поиску.

В этом исследовании клиницисты имели доступ как к изображениям, так и к табличным данным в отредактированных описаниях случаев, тогда как AMIE использовала только основной текст.

Хотя AMIE превзошла клиницистов, несмотря на это ограничение, неизвестно, насколько этот разрыв увеличился бы, если бы AMIE имела доступ к рисункам и таблицам. Интеграция мультимодальных входных данных LLM является областью новых исследований (22,23), с большим потенциальным количеством модальностей данных, которые необходимо учитывать. Однако существует достаточно малое количество прецедентов того, как информация из нескольких модальностей с помощью AI-систем со временем интегрируется воедино.

Повторное изучение NEJM CPC автоматизированными системами подчеркивает их перспективность в качестве «бенчмарка» для оценки и разработки LLM. Бенчмаркинг позволяет сравнивать модели друг с другом и оценивать улучшения или ухудшения производительности модели по прошествии времени. Однако эффективно сравнивать результаты не с моделями, а с человеческими суждениями о ДД достаточно затруднительно, и это мешает масштабированию подхода.

Авторы использовали автоматизированный подход для сравнения AMIE с базовой производительностью LLM (GPT-4). Их оценки отличались от недавно опубликованных оценок в других исследованиях, несмотря на использование того же подмножества случаев (1). Прямые сравнения различных технологий в идеале должны проводиться путем более обширной и слепой оценки, включая: работу по обеспечению воспроизводимости протокола человеческой оценки; анализ согласованности между оценщиками; использование метрик, отражающих точность, качество, уместность и полноту дифференциальных диагнозов LLM.

Оценки точности top-1 и top-10, хотя и впечатляют, составляя почти 30% и 60% соответственно, подчеркивают заметное пространство для улучшения LLM, особенно для сложных случаев, которые не являются патогномоничными (т.е. случаев, не имеющих признака или симптома, определяющего диагноз).

Однако, как отмечено выше, CPC представляют собой «диагностические головоломки», а не реальные примеры обычных клинических рабочих процессов, и поэтому важно рассмотреть более реалистичные условия, в которых LLM могут оказаться практически ценными в медицине.

Одним из таких примеров является потенциал LLM для помощи клиницистам в сложных диагнозах. Инструменты глубокого обучения показали значительные перспективы во многих областях медицины, но в подавляющем большинстве используются как вспомогательные, а не автономные инструменты (24), учитывая критически важный с точки зрения безопасности характер медицинской практики и множество проблем с надежностью (25) и справедливостью (26,27,28), наблюдаемых при внедрении. Наблюдения за самостоятельной диагностической точностью часто не гарантируют, что инструмент ИИ улучшит производительность в реальных условиях в качестве вспомогательного инструмента.

Остается неясным, как оптимально интегрировать принятие решений ИИ и человека в медицине (29). В частности, для LLM известная частота галлюцинаций и конфабуляций (30) может ввести клиницистов в заблуждение и привести к неточным диагнозам, повторяя или даже усугубляя выводы из других клинических условий о том, что системы ИИ могут фактически ухудшать производительность клиницистов, а не обязательно улучшать исходы.

Это подчеркивает важность целенаправленного изучения LLM во вспомогательных сценариях. Авторы исследовали NEJM CPC и обнаружили, что AMIE увеличила количество уместных ДД, созданных клиницистом, при использовании в качестве вспомогательного инструмента, в дополнение к общей точности top-n, что позволяет предположить, что основной вспомогательный потенциал AMIE может заключаться в том, чтобы сделать охват более полным.

Учитывая потенциал вводящей в заблуждение информации, исходящей от систем ИИ, в том числе в убедительном диалоге, клиницисты должны осознавать фундаментальные ограничения этих моделей и не упускать из виду свое главенство в отношениях врач-пациент и свою конечную ответственность за диагностическую и терапевтическую тактику ведения своих пациентов.

Помощь в диагностическом процессе может разумно происходить в отделении неотложной помощи при поступлении (в потенциально критичные по времени моменты), при госпитализации в терапевтическое отделение или оказываться консультативной службой после госпитализации пациента или в амбулаторных клиниках. Результаты предполагают, что будущие исследования должны более строго изучить, как LLM дополняют ДД клиницистов во многих таких конкретных сценариях, где риски и выгоды могут варьироваться.

Несмотря на то, что AMIE является новым инструментом, ее использование, по-видимому, не приводило к неэффективности и не увеличивало время, затрачиваемое на решение каждой CPC, по сравнению с использованием поиска или другой традиционной информации. Это говорит о том, что диалоговый интерфейс был ненавязчивым и интуитивно понятным.

В соответствии с этим, все опрошенные клиницисты описали его как «простой» в использовании и положительно отзывались об использовании и результатах работы с интерфейсом AMIE. Повышение эффективности при сохранении или улучшении качества является общепринятой целью улучшения оказания медицинской помощи, и оптимизации работы тех, кто эту помощь предоставляет (31). Исследование показало значительный потенциал в этом отношении, поскольку клиницисты также сообщали о большей уверенности в своих списках ДД после использования модели.

Врачи отмечали сложности с поиском, когда им было неясно, как составить точный запрос и конкретизировать задачу. По отзывам, система AMIE оказалась более удобной в этом плане. Однако в таких ситуациях важную роль играют человеческие факторы, социальные аспекты и другие комплексные вопросы. Особенно важно принять меры против неравенства в доступе к подобным технологиям, чтобы не усилить уже существующие различия в качестве медицинского обслуживания разных групп населения.

Клиницисты часто выражали энтузиазм по поводу использования AMIE, но также осознавали недостатки языковых моделей и особенно беспокоились о конфабуляциях, если их будут использовать лица, не обученные или не проинструктированные избегать таких вопросов. Однако эта работа не исследовала многие другие важные аспекты взаимодействия человека и ИИ, которые требуют дальнейшего изучения в критически важных с точки зрения безопасности условиях, подобных этому.

Например, не проводились исследования степени доверия клиницистов к результатам модели или их понимания методик ее обучения и ограничений, а также не проводилось целенаправленного «вводного обучения» или тренинга, которые могут улучшать результаты использования ИИ-ассистентов (32).

Помощь искусственного интеллекта в вопросах справедливости и равенства в здравоохранении. Необходимо дальнейшее исследование того, как эти аспекты дифференциальной диагностики врачей изменяются при использовании ассистентов на основе больших языковых моделей (LLM). Известно, что системы искусственного интеллекта способны выражать неуверенность в своих выводах (33) и соответствующим образом перепоручать принятие решений врачам (34), что может значительно улучшить баланс между доверием и здоровым скептицизмом, необходимый для эффективного применения искусственного интеллекта в медицине.

Качественная обратная связь показала, что остается простор для целенаправленного улучшения LLM в качестве вспомогательных диагностических инструментов: один клиницист отметил, что «Она была наиболее полезна для более простых случаев со специфическими ключевыми словами или патогномоничными признаками», но для более сложных случаев она все еще имела тенденцию делать выводы из изолированных симптомов, а не рассматривать случай целостно.

Поддержка со стороны языковых моделей (LLM) может потенциально "повышать квалификацию" медицинских работников, особенно помогая им расширять и улучшать качество дифференциальной диагностики. Как показали интервью с врачами после их работы с AMIE, такое повышение навыков может быть полезно для обучения и подготовки медперсонала на разных уровнях — от ординаторов до опытных лечащих врачей.

Преимущества повышения квалификации могут также распространяться на регионы с менее доступным специализированным медицинским образованием, например, в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов. Однако стоит учесть, что эти результаты могут не полностью отражать все возможные сценарии использования, поскольку в исследовании участвовали только 20 клиницистов со средним опытом работы 11,5 лет. Выборка может недостаточно представлять разнообразие потенциальных пользователей, которые могли бы использовать языковые модели как инструмент диагностической поддержки.

Качественные выводы из интервью с клиницистами подчеркивают совместный характер процесса диагностического рассуждения и важность клинического суждения при использовании LLM. В то время как AMIE была способна генерировать широкий ДД в изоляции, опыт клиницистов позволял им фильтровать предложения при использовании инструмента, отбрасывая те, которые они считали неточными или нерелевантными, и приводя к более полному и продуманному окончательному списку дифференциальных диагнозов.

Этот активный процесс оценки и фильтрации может объяснить разрыв между самостоятельной производительностью AMIE и производительностью клиницистов при помощи инструмента, при этом выделяются несколько конкретных факторов:

Эффект якоря (anchoring bias): клиницисты имели тенденцию «зацикливаться» на своем первоначальном ДД без помощи. Это согласуется с известным искажением восприятия и привязанностью к предыдущему опыту и может усугубляться двухэтапным устройством исследования.
Внушаемость LLM: несколько клиницистов отметили, что AMIE можно было направить по альтернативным диагностическим путям уточняющими вопросами, и что это могло привести к неточным выводам, которые клиницисты распознавали как сомнительные;
Калибровка доверия: клиницисты подчеркнули важность способности модели сообщать о своей неуверенности, так как это, вероятно, повлияло бы на степень их доверия и учета предложений AMIE.

Ограничения

Формат клинических случаев из NEJM CPC значительно отличается от реальной первичной оценки пациента врачом. Эти описания создаются как специальные "головоломки" с достаточным количеством подсказок, позволяющих специалисту прийти к окончательному диагнозу через логические рассуждения. На начальном этапе встречи с пациентом врачу было бы трудно составить такое краткое, полное и структурированное описание случая.

При первичном приеме пациента такие подробные описания в стиле NEJM просто недоступны. Кроме того, представленные случаи были специально отобраны как сложные и нетипичные, а не как распространенные состояния. Поэтому, это исследование не предполагает, что врачам следует использовать поддержку языковых моделей (LLM) для обычных случаев, с которыми они сталкиваются ежедневно.

Оценка нетривиальна для таких сложных задач, как исследования этих случаев. Хотя рубрика, которую использовали для оценки того, включен ли диагноз в список ДД, ясна, возможны разногласия относительно того, является ли отдельный диагноз достаточно специфичным, чтобы считаться правильным или неправильным. Эта неоднозначность, вероятно, является причиной того, что мы не получили идентичных результатов Kanjee et al. (1).

Другая проблема в том, что неизвестно, насколько AMIE превзошла бы клиницистов, если бы AMIE имела доступ к рисункам и таблицам. Ранние данные свидетельствуют о том, что эффект может зависеть от случая и контекста (13). Новые мультимодальные модели должны оцениваться аналогичным образом. Подходящий формат ввода для изображений ясен, тогда как таблицы могут быть представлены текстуально или графически. Эксперименты по оптимальному формату для табличных данных также были бы ценными.

Исследование выявило некоторые слабые стороны AMIE. В частности, один клиницист подчеркнул, что «Она была наиболее полезна для более простых случаев со специфическими ключевыми словами или патогномоничными признаками» и что для более сложных случаев она все еще имела тенденцию делать выводы из изолированных симптомов, а не рассматривать случай целостно. Учитывая важность оценки сложных случаев, описания случаев NEJM CPC, вероятно, послужат полезным набором данных для дальнейшего бенчмаркинга LLM.

Авторы признают, что анализ времени, потраченного на задачи, может не точно соответствовать тому, как LLM повлияла бы на время выполнения задачи в реальности. На практике клиницисту необходимо будет написать описание случая или заметки, прежде чем он сможет использовать систему такого типа.

Между дифференциальными диагнозами, составленными врачами и моделью, могли существовать систематические различия, которые могли подсказать клиницистам, что списки происходили из разных источников. Однако считается, что это не повлияло на результаты по нескольким причинам:

Во-первых, перед проведением оценки были пересмотрены списки от модели и от клиницистов, чтобы убедиться в отсутствии явных различий в форматировании.

Во-вторых, эксперты-оценщики не были проинформированы о различных возможных источниках дифференциальных диагнозов и о том, что среди них могут быть результаты работы ИИ-моделей. Кроме того, порядок представления списков дифференциальной диагностики был скрыт в процессе оценки.

В-третьих, автоматическая оценка не зависела от источника данных, и результаты человеческой и автоматической оценки согласовывались между собой.

Заключение

Генерация ДД является критически важным шагом в ведении клинического случая, и LLM предоставляют новые возможности использования вспомогательных инструментов для помощи в этой задаче.

Данное рандомизированное исследование показало, что AMIE была полезным инструментом ИИ для генерации ДД врачам общей практики. Участвовавшие клиницисты указали на полезность для обучения и образования, но необходима дополнительная работа для понимания ее пригодности в клинических условиях.

Методы

Описания случаев NEJM CPC

Протоколы случаев Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) представляют собой опубликованные, слегка отредактированные транскрипции CPC из MGH. В CPC описывается презентация случая пациента, а затем эксперта-врача просят предоставить ДД и окончательный диагноз, вместе с его диагностическими рассуждениями, основываясь только на предоставленной медицинской истории пациента и предварительных результатах тестов.

Опубликованные случаи, обычно организованные как диагностические головоломки, кульминацией которых является окончательный, патологоанатомически подтвержденный диагноз. Такие случаи регулярно публикуются в NEJM. В статье используются описания случаев, лицензированные у NEJM, для оценки способности AMIE генерировать ДД самостоятельно и, отдельно, помогать клиницистам в генерации их собственного дифференциального диагноза. Для последней задачи был разработан пользовательский интерфейс для взаимодействия клиницистов с AMIE.

Рассмотрен набор из 326 текстов случаев из серии NEJM CPC. Описания случаев были опубликованы за 10-летний период с 13 июня 2013 года по 10 августа 2023 года. Из них 23 (7%) были исключены на том основании, что они обсуждали ведение случая и не были в первую очередь сосредоточены на диагностике.

Статьи были распределены по годам между 2013–2023 гг. следующим образом: 2013: n = 22; 2014: n = 34; 2015: n = 36; 2016: n = 35; 2017: n = 36; 2018: n = 16; 2020: n = 23; 2021: n = 36; 2022: n = 39; 2023: n = 26. Дополнительная таблица 2 содержит полный список описаний случаев, включая название, год и номер выпуска каждого отчета. 302 случая включают 70 случаев, использованных Kanjee et al. (1).

Эти описания случаев охватывают ряд медицинских специальностей. Наибольшая доля приходится на внутренние болезни (n = 159), за которыми следуют неврология (n = 42), педиатрия (n = 33) и психиатрия (n = 10). Текст, соответствующий анамнезу настоящего заболевания (history of the present illness, HPI), был вручную извлечен из каждой статьи в качестве входных данных для AMIE. Среднее (медианное) количество слов в этих разделах описаний случаев составляет 1031 слово (среднее: 1044, ст. откл.: 296, диапазон: 378–2428). Среднее (медианное) количество символов составляет 6619 символов (среднее: 6760, ст. откл.: 1983, диапазон: 2426–15196).

Модифицированная версия статьи, включающая предоставленный анамнез настоящего заболевания (HPI), данные визуализационных исследований и лабораторных анализов при поступлении (если они были доступны в конкретном случае), была создана для клиницистов-людей (см. Расширенный рисунок 1). Из этой версии были удалены следующие элементы: окончательный диагноз, обсуждение дифференциальной диагностики экспертом и любые последующие результаты визуализации или биопсии (которые обычно являются типичными элементами заключения в задачах по клиническим случаям).

Учитывая, что AMIE является моделью искусственного интеллекта, работающей только с текстом, изображения при поступлении и таблицы лабораторных анализов не подавались в модель напрямую. Однако текстовые описания конкретных лабораторных показателей или результатов визуализационных исследований иногда включались в текстовое описание случая.

Обучение LLM для ДД

Данное исследование представляет AMIE, модель, использующую архитектуру трансформера (PaLM 2 (7)), дообученную на данных медицинской области; вместе с интерфейсом, позволяющим использовать ее в качестве интерактивного ассистента для клиницистов.

Как и Med-PaLM 2 (10), AMIE основана на PaLM 2, итерации LLM Google со значительными улучшениями производительности по нескольким задачам бенчмарков LLM. Для целей этого анализа использовалась большая (L) модель PaLM 2.

AMIE была дообучена с большой длиной контекста на смеси задач, состоящей из ответов на медицинские вопросы (множественный выбор и развернутые вопросы), генерации медицинских диалогов и суммирования записей электронных медицинских карт. Используемые наборы данных включали обучающие выборки MultiMedQA (MedQA, MedMCQA, HealthSearchQA, LiveQA и MedicationQA) (10), проприетарный набор данных медицинских бесед и созданные экспертами вручную резюме записей ЭМК из MIMIC-III (35). Способность обрабатывать входные данные с длинным контекстом позволяет AMIE справляться с задачами, требующими рассуждений и понимания на больших отрезках текста.

Из MedQA (множественный выбор) использовали открытые вопросы в стиле экзамена USMLE (US Medical Licensing Examination) с четырьмя или пятью возможными ответами (36). Для обучения использовался набор из 11 450 вопросов, а 1 273 вопроса были зарезервированы для тестирования. Отобрали 191 вопрос MedQA из обучающего набора, для которых клинические эксперты разработали пошаговые рассуждения, ведущие к правильному ответу. Из наборов данных HealthSearchQA, LiveQA и MedicationQA использовали созданные экспертами развернутые ответы на 64 вопроса. Медицинские беседы были взяты из набора данных из 218 диалогов между клиницистом и пациентом, которые связаны с соответствующим истинным диагнозом. Набор данных включает респираторные (n = 168), костно-мышечные (n = 40), кардиологические (n = 5), гастроэнтерологические (n = 4) и дерматологические (n = 1) диалоги. Всего представлено 102 уникальных диагноза со средним количеством реплик 98 (25-й перцентиль = 85,0, 75-й перцентиль = 113,0).

Данные описаний случаев NEJM не использовались в процессе дообучения, и ученые проводили эксперименты по контаминации, чтобы оценить, повлиял ли на качество результата текст случая, который мог находиться в претренировочном корпусе.

Промптинг без примеров

Оценивается AMIE на каждом из исследований случаев NEJM со следующим промптом: «Вы — полезный медицинский ассистент. Вам будет предоставлен сложный клинический случай, и вас спросят о нем; внимательно прочтите его, а затем предоставьте разнообразный и исчерпывающий ДД».

Пример ввода

Случай: [текст кейса]
Перечисли 10 наиболее вероятных диагнозов. Отвечай точно, на каждой строке должно быть по одному диагнозу. Постарайся охватить как можно больше уникальных случаев, не меньше десяти. Топ-10 диагнозов:

Пример вывода

Синдром Сезари
Т-клеточный лейкоз/лимфома взрослых
Грибовидный микоз
Атопический дерматит
Псориаз
Лекарственная реакция с эозинофилией и системными симптомами (DRESS)
Реакция «трансплантат против хозяина» (РТПХ/GVHD)
Кожная Т-клеточная лимфома, неуточненная
Гиперэозинофильный синдром
Системная красная волчанка (СКВ/SLE)

Пользовательский интерфейс AMIE

Интерфейс, связанный с AMIE, изображенный на примере ниже, позволяет пользователям взаимодействовать с базовой моделью посредством текстового чата в контексте данного описания случая. В исследовании интерфейс был предварительно заполнен текстовым представлением HPI для данного случая. Клиницистам было предложено инициировать взаимодействие, запросив AMIE с использованием предложенного промпта. После этого начального промпта и ответа AMIE клиницисты могли свободно запрашивать модель, используя любые дополнительные уточняющие вопросы, хотя клиницистов предупреждали избегать вопросов об информации, которая еще не была представлена в случае. Пилотное исследование показало, что без такого предупреждения клиницисты могут задавать вопросы о конкретных лабораторных значениях или визуализации, что приводит к конфабуляциям.

Для данного вопроса интерфейс генерировал ответ, запрашивая AMIE с использованием следующего шаблона промпта:

Прочтите случай ниже и ответьте на вопрос, предоставленный после случая.

Отформатируйте свой ответ, используя синтаксис markdown для создания абзацев и маркированных списков. Используйте <br><br> для начала нового абзаца. Каждый абзац должен содержать 100 слов или меньше. Используйте маркированные списки для перечисления нескольких вариантов. Используйте <br>* для начала нового пункта маркированного списка. Выделяйте важные фразы, такие как заголовки. Используйте `**` непосредственно перед и сразу после фразы, чтобы выделить ее. Между `**` и фразой, которую вы пытаетесь выделить, НЕ должно быть пробелов.

Случай: [текс кейса]

Вопрос (предлагаемый начальный вопрос: «Каковы 10 наиболее вероятных диагнозов и почему (будьте точны)?»): [Вопрос]

Ответ:

Дизайн эксперимента

Для сравнительной оценки способности AMIE генерировать ДД самостоятельно и помогать клиницистам в генерации их ДД, было разработано двухэтапное исследование с участием читателей, иллюстрированное на примере ниже. Исследование было разработано для оценки вспомогательного эффекта AMIE для врачей общей практики (не специализирующихся на узкой области), которые имеют доступ только к представлению случая, а не к полной информации о случае (которая включала бы комментарии эксперта по ДД).

Первый этап исследования имел сбалансированный дизайн с двумя условиями. Клиницисты сначала составляли списки дифференциальных диагнозов без посторонней помощи, а затем второй раз – с помощью, причем тип помощи различался в зависимости от условия эксперимента.

Этап 1: Клиницисты генерируют ДД с помощью и без помощи

Двадцать сертифицированных в США врачей-терапевтов (медиана лет опыта: 9, среднее: 11,5, ст. откл.: 7,24, диапазон: 3–32) просматривали отредактированное описание случая, имея доступ к представлению случая и связанным с ним рисункам и таблицам. Они выполняли эту задачу в одном из двух условий, на основе случайного распределения.

Условие I: поиск. Сначала клиницистам было поручено предоставить список до десяти диагнозов, минимум три, основываясь исключительно на рассмотрении представления случая без использования каких-либо справочных материалов (например, книг) или инструментов (например, интернет-поиска). После этого клиницистам было поручено использовать интернет-поиск или другие ресурсы по желанию (но без доступа к AMIE) и попросили повторно выполнить ДД.
Условие II: AMIE. Как и в условии I, сначала клиницистам было поручено предоставить список до десяти диагнозов, минимум три, основываясь исключительно на рассмотрении представления случая без использования каких-либо справочных материалов (например, книг) или инструментов (например, интернет-поиска). После этого клиницистам был предоставлен доступ к AMIE и попросили повторно выполнить ДД. В дополнение к AMIE, клиницисты могли по желанию использовать интернет-поиск или другие ресурсы.

Для организации процесса, создали десять пар клиницистов, объединяя в каждую пару врачей с примерно одинаковым опытом работы после ординатуры. Весь набор клинических случаев был случайным образом разделен на десять частей, и каждой паре клиницистов была назначена одна из этих частей.

В пределах каждой части, каждый из случаев выполнялся дважды: один раз в условии I одним клиницистом из пары, и один раз в условии II другим клиницистом. Распределение экспериментальных условий (кто из пары будет работать в условии I, а кто в условии II) для каждого случая определялось случайным образом.

Такое объединение клиницистов со схожим постординатурным опытом для работы над одними и теми же случаями помогло уменьшить вариативность между двумя разными экспериментальными условиями.

Этап 2. Специалисты с полной информацией о случае извлекают золотой стандарт ДД и оценивают ДД Этапа 1

Девятнадцать сертифицированных в США клиницистов-специалистов (медиана лет опыта: 14, среднее: 13,7, ст. откл.: 7,82, диапазон: 4–38) были набраны из областей внутренних болезней (n = 10), неврологии (n = 3), педиатрии (n = 2), психиатрии (n = 1), дерматологии (n = 1), акушерства (n = 1) и неотложной медицины (n = 1). Их средний стаж работы составлял 13,7 лет (ст. откл.: 7,82, диапазон: 4–38). Эти специалисты соответствовали специальности соответствующего случая CPC, просматривали полное описание случая, и их просили перечислить от пяти до десяти дифференциальных диагнозов. После этого их просили оценить пять списков ДД, сгенерированных на этапе 1, включая два списка ДД из условия 1 (ДД без помощи и ДД с помощью поиска), два списка ДД из условия 2 (ДД без помощи и ДД с помощью AMIE) и отдельный список ДД AMIE. Каждый случай рассматривал один специалист.

Специалисты отвечали на следующие вопросы для оценки списков ДД:

Оценка качества, разработанная Bond et al. (15) и использованная Kanjee et al. (1), является дифференциальной оценкой на основе порядковой пятибалльной шкалы: «Насколько близки были дифференциальные диагнозы (ДД) к включению окончательного диагноза?» Варианты были: 5, ДД включает правильный диагноз; 4, ДД содержит нечто очень близкое, но не точное совпадение с правильным диагнозом; 3, ДД содержит нечто тесно связанное, что могло бы быть полезным при определении правильного диагноза; 2, ДД содержит нечто связанное, но маловероятно полезное при определении правильного диагноза; и 1, ничто в ДД не связано с правильным диагнозом.
Оценка уместности: «Насколько уместным был каждый из списков дифференциальных диагнозов от разных медицинских экспертов по сравнению со списком дифференциальных диагнозов, который вы только что составили?» Варианты ответа были по шкале Лайкерта (Likert scale) от 5 (очень уместно) до 1 (очень неуместно).
Оценка полноты: «Используя ваш список дифференциальных диагнозов в качестве эталона/золотого стандарта, насколько полны списки дифференциальных диагнозов от каждого из экспертов?» Варианты ответа были: 4, ДД содержит всех разумных кандидатов; 3, ДД содержит большинство кандидатов, но некоторые отсутствуют; 2, ДД содержит некоторых кандидатов, но многие отсутствуют; и 1, в ДД отсутствуют основные кандидаты.
Наконец, специалистов просили указать, на какой позиции в списке ДД совпадал правильный диагноз, если он вообще был включен в ДД.

Цели клиницистов

Клиницисты были наняты и вознаграждены компаниями-вендорами по рыночным ставкам в зависимости от специальности, без конкретных задач, таких как точность диагностики или другие факторы.

Автоматизированная оценка

В дополнение к сравнению с истинным диагнозом и экспертной оценкой клиницистов, были созданы и автоматизированы оценки производительности пяти ДД с использованием метрики на основе языковой модели. Такие автоматизированные метрики полезны, поскольку человеческая оценка требует много времени и затрат для многих экспериментов. Сначала извлекли (до десяти) отдельных диагнозов, перечисленных в каждом ДД. Использовали незначительные шаги обработки текста с помощью регулярных выражений для разделения выводов по новым строкам и удаления любой нумерации перед диагнозами. Затем спросили у дообученной для медицины языковой модели, Med-PaLM 2 (10), совпадает ли каждый из этих диагнозов с истинным диагнозом, используя следующий промпт:

Является ли наш предсказанный диагноз правильным (д/н)? Предсказанный диагноз: [диагноз], Истинный диагноз: [метка]

Ответ [д/н].

Диагноз помечался как правильный, если языковая модель выводила «д».

Вычислили каппу Коэна (Cohen’s kappa) как меру согласия между людьми-оценщиками и автоматизированной оценкой относительно бинарного решения о том, совпадает ли данный диагноз — т.е. отдельный элемент из предложенного списка ДД — с правильным окончательным диагнозом. Каппа Коэна для этой задачи сопоставления составила 0,631, что указывает на «существенное согласие» между людьми-оценщиками и методом автоматизированной оценки, согласно Landis & Koch (37).

Качественные интервью

После исследования провели полуструктурированные 30-минутные интервью с 5 врачами общей практики, участвовавшими в этапе 1. Полуструктурированные интервью исследовали следующие вопросы:

(1) Как вы оценили задачу генерации ДД из текста описания случая?
(2) Подумайте о том, как вы использовали интернет-поиск или другие ресурсы. Насколько полезными или бесполезными были эти инструменты?
(3) Подумайте о том, как вы использовали AMIE. Насколько она была полезна или бесполезна?
(4) Были ли случаи, когда вы доверяли результатам поисковых запросов? Расскажите подробнее об этом опыте, если да. Например, о типах случаев, типах результатов поиска.
(5) Были ли случаи, когда вы доверяли результатам запросов к LLM? Расскажите подробнее об этом опыте, если да. Например, о типах случаев, типах результатов поиска.
(6) Подумайте о рассуждениях, предоставленных интерфейсом LLM? Где они были полезны? Где они были бесполезны?
(7) Какие уточняющие вопросы вы сочли наиболее полезными для LLM?
(8) Сколько времени требуется, чтобы привыкнуть к LLM? Насколько она была интуитивно понятна? Насколько она была неинтуитивна?

Провели тематический анализ записей, сделанных исследователями во время интервью, используя индуктивный подход для выявления паттернов в данных. Начальные коды были сгенерированы путем построчного анализа записей, с вниманием как к семантическому содержанию, так и к скрытому значению. Затем коды были сгруппированы на основе концептуального сходства и итеративно уточнялись. Для повышения достоверности анализа, было проведено взаимное рецензирование внутри команды исследователей. Путем обсуждения и консенсуса, были согласованы окончательные темы.

Доступность данных Клинические случаи, использованные в этом исследовании, опубликованы и были лицензированы у журнала New England Journal of Medicine. Мы не можем повторно распространять материалы, защищенные авторским правом, но тексты случаев можно получить из журнала.

Доступность кода AMIE — это исследовательская система искусственного интеллекта на основе LLM для диагностического диалога. Мы не делаем код модели и веса общедоступными из-за соображений безопасности, связанных с неконтролируемым использованием такой системы в медицинских учреждениях. В интересах ответственных инноваций, мы будем работать с исследовательскими партнерами, регуляторами и поставщиками услуг для проверки и изучения безопасных дальнейших применений AMIE. Для воспроизводимости, мы документировали технические методы глубокого обучения, сохраняя при этом статью доступной для клинической и общей научной аудитории. Наша работа основана на PaLM 2, технические детали которого были подробно описаны в техническом отчете (7).

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1 мая 2025 г.

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My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
16.08.25 06:53 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
16.08.25 06:53 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
16.08.25 07:01 lisared

Losing nearly 500,000 USDT to hackers was one of the most devastating experience of my life. I felt powerless as my hard-earned assets vanished into anonymous blockchain transactions until I found Agent Jasmine Lopez. Her deep expertise, tireless effort, and unwavering focus gave me hope and delivered results. She traced complex transactions, pursued every lead, and recovered a large portion of my stolen funds something I never thought possible. If you’ve lost digital assets, don’t give up. Contact Recoveryfundprovider@gmail. com WhatsApp at +{44 736-644-5035}. She turned my nightmare into a recovery story, and she could do the same for you.
16.08.25 17:05 mark

I see a lot of recommendations online and it’s already obvious there are bad eggs online who will only add to your mystery. I can only recommend one and you can reach them via mail on (zattechrecovery @ gmail c0 m ) if you need help on recovering what you lost to scammers.
17.08.25 03:33 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
17.08.25 03:33 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
17.08.25 05:22 aveasley4

I’m a California resident who was contacted by someone named “Lin” on WhatsApp. Our conversation eventually turned to cryptocurrency investments. Lin introduced me to a trading platform called CBOTBIT (https://cbotbit.com), walked me through setting up an account, and guided me on transferring funds. Under Lin’s direction, I began trading and was led to believe that my account was growing significantly. However, when I attempted to withdraw my funds, I was unable to do so — and shortly after, the website went offline entirely. I had invested over $340,000 in Bitcoin, planning to use it for my retirement. The experience was devastating, and I was at a loss for what to do next. Eventually, I came across [email protected] and decided to reach out. I followed their instructions, and within a few days, I was able to recover my original investment. I'm incredibly relieved and grateful for their assistance, and I recommend contacting them if you’re in a similar situation and need help recovering lost funds.
17.08.25 17:49 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
17.08.25 17:49 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
17.08.25 17:49 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
18.08.25 21:10 Connorhelms

I can honestly say losing my bitcoin savings was one of the darkest moments of my life. I had put everything I could into that investment, believing it would secure my future, only to wake up one day and realize the platform had vanished with all my funds. The feeling was indescribable, fear, shame, and helplessness all at once. I thought I’d never see that money again. Then I came across Alpha Spy Nest. At first, I was hesitant, I had already been deceived once, and the thought of trusting anyone else terrified me. But something about their professionalism and the way they patiently explained things gave me a little hope. For the first time in weeks, I felt like I wasn’t completely alone in the fight. They listened to my story without judgment, broke down the technical side in a way I could understand, and reassured me that there was still a chance. Watching them work was incredible. They traced every transaction, uncovered where my bitcoin had been moved, and kept me updated through every stage. It felt like they cared as much about my recovery as I did. The day they told me they had successfully recovered my lost savings, I actually cried. Seeing those funds back in my wallet felt unreal, it was like a huge weight had been lifted off my shoulders. Beyond just recovering my bitcoin, Alpha Spy Nest gave me back my peace of mind and restored a trust I thought I had lost forever. I’m forever grateful to them. If I hadn’t found Alpha Spy Nest, I’d still be stuck in regret and despair. Instead, I now share my story as proof that recovery is possible. You can also reach out to them via: Email: [email protected], WhatsApp: +15132924878‬, Telegram: https://t.me/Alphaspynest, Website: www.alphaspynest.org
18.08.25 22:17 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
18.08.25 22:17 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
19.08.25 02:26 Jacksonbash

You are not alone if you have had your bitcoins taken from your wallet or if you invested in an initial coin offering (ICO) that was a scam. I experienced the same thing. I first lost $173,000 to a fraudulent investment scam company in less than five months. I was able to get all of my money in five days thanks to a hacker my friend recommended. In order to raise awareness about these cryptocurrency criminals and do my part to minimize the number of victims, I'm speaking out. To report a victim, simply send an email to [email protected].
19.08.25 18:15 keith

RECOVER FROM CRYPTO SCAMS WITH THE HELP OF BONES RECOVERY BITCOIN EXPERT If someone needs to recover cryptocurrency that has been lost to wallet hackers, internet scammers, or BTC transferred to the wrong address, I suggest BONES RECOVERY BITCOIN, a very trustworthy recovery organization . Simply presenting my case to the expert and supplying the necessary data allowed BONES RECOVERY BITCOIN to assist me in recovering my Bitcoin. It's a relief that I recovered this much after losing considerably more to the fraudulent broker I initially put my trust in. Because we will inevitably make mistakes, we can never be diligent enough. If you have lost money to cryptocurrency scams, I strongly advise getting in touch with BONES RECOVERY BITCOIN. Contact address WhatsApp....‪+1-60-621-024-64‬ Email [email protected]
19.08.25 18:54 patricialovick86

How To Recover Your Bitcoin Without Falling Victim To Scams: A Testimony Experience With Capital Crypto Recover Services, Contact Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Dear Everyone, I would like to take a moment to share my positive experience with Capital Crypto Recover Services. Initially, I was unsure if it would be possible to recover my stolen bitcoins. However, with their expertise and professionalism, I was able to fully recover my funds. Unfortunately, many individuals fall victim to scams in the cryptocurrency space, especially those involving fraudulent investment platforms. However, I advise caution, as not all recovery services are legitimate. I personally lost $273,000 worth of Bitcoin from my Binance account due to a deceptive platform. If you have suffered a similar loss, you may be considering crypto recovery, The Capital Crypto Recover is the most knowledgeable and effective Capital Crypto Recovery Services assisted me in recovering my stolen funds within 24 hours, after getting access to my wallet. Their service was not only prompt but also highly professional and effective, and many recovery services may not be trustworthy. Therefore, I highly recommend Capital Crypto Recover to you. i do always research and see reviews about their service, For assistance finding your misplaced cryptocurrency, get in touch with them, They do their jobs quickly and excellently, Stay safe and vigilant in the crypto world. Contact: [email protected] You can reach them via email at [email protected] OR Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
19.08.25 18:54 patricialovick86

How To Recover Your Bitcoin Without Falling Victim To Scams: A Testimony Experience With Capital Crypto Recover Services, Contact Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Dear Everyone, I would like to take a moment to share my positive experience with Capital Crypto Recover Services. Initially, I was unsure if it would be possible to recover my stolen bitcoins. However, with their expertise and professionalism, I was able to fully recover my funds. Unfortunately, many individuals fall victim to scams in the cryptocurrency space, especially those involving fraudulent investment platforms. However, I advise caution, as not all recovery services are legitimate. I personally lost $273,000 worth of Bitcoin from my Binance account due to a deceptive platform. If you have suffered a similar loss, you may be considering crypto recovery, The Capital Crypto Recover is the most knowledgeable and effective Capital Crypto Recovery Services assisted me in recovering my stolen funds within 24 hours, after getting access to my wallet. Their service was not only prompt but also highly professional and effective, and many recovery services may not be trustworthy. Therefore, I highly recommend Capital Crypto Recover to you. i do always research and see reviews about their service, For assistance finding your misplaced cryptocurrency, get in touch with them, They do their jobs quickly and excellently, Stay safe and vigilant in the crypto world. Contact: [email protected] You can reach them via email at [email protected] OR Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
19.08.25 18:54 patricialovick86

How To Recover Your Bitcoin Without Falling Victim To Scams: A Testimony Experience With Capital Crypto Recover Services, Contact Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Dear Everyone, I would like to take a moment to share my positive experience with Capital Crypto Recover Services. Initially, I was unsure if it would be possible to recover my stolen bitcoins. However, with their expertise and professionalism, I was able to fully recover my funds. Unfortunately, many individuals fall victim to scams in the cryptocurrency space, especially those involving fraudulent investment platforms. However, I advise caution, as not all recovery services are legitimate. I personally lost $273,000 worth of Bitcoin from my Binance account due to a deceptive platform. If you have suffered a similar loss, you may be considering crypto recovery, The Capital Crypto Recover is the most knowledgeable and effective Capital Crypto Recovery Services assisted me in recovering my stolen funds within 24 hours, after getting access to my wallet. Their service was not only prompt but also highly professional and effective, and many recovery services may not be trustworthy. Therefore, I highly recommend Capital Crypto Recover to you. i do always research and see reviews about their service, For assistance finding your misplaced cryptocurrency, get in touch with them, They do their jobs quickly and excellently, Stay safe and vigilant in the crypto world. Contact: [email protected] You can reach them via email at [email protected] OR Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
20.08.25 12:01 Official

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20.08.25 17:00 lisared

Few months ago I experienced one of the most devastating moments of my life €300k was stolen by hackers . When my money was stolen I felt hopeless, until I was introduced to Agent Jasmine Lopez her expertise and dedication gave me peace of mind. She skillfully traced complex transactions and tracked down the scammers, which would have been impossible for me to do on my own. Thanks to her tireless efforts, I was able to recover a significant portion of my lost funds. If you've fallen victim of hackers, I highly recommend reaching out to her. You can contact her via email at Recoveryfundprovider@gmail. com WhatsApp at +{44 736-644-5035}. Her attention to detail and commitment to her work are truly impressive. Don't hesitate to reach out her expertise could be the key to recovering your lost funds.
20.08.25 20:42 vallatjosette

My Wild Ride: How a Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech Helped Me Recover Lost Bitcoin of 103,000 It all started when I had the misfortune of misplacing the digital wallet containing my substantial cryptocurrency holdings - a staggering 103,000 bitcoins. I had amassed this sizable fortune over the years through strategic investments and careful trading, but in a moment of carelessness, the private keys to my digital wallet had vanished. Panic set in as I grappled with the gravity of my situation - those bitcoins, worth millions at the time, were effectively lost to the ether, inaccessible and seemingly unrecoverable. Just when I had resigned myself to the devastating financial blow, a chance encounter with a self-proclaimed "digital wizard" Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech presented a glimmer of hope. This enigmatic individual, who operated in the shadowy corners of the crypto underworld, claimed to possess the arcane knowledge and skills necessary to retrieve my lost digital wealth. Intrigued and desperate, I put my skepticism aside and entrusted this mysterious wizard with the task. What followed was a wild, suspenseful journey into the depths of blockchain technology and cryptography, as the wizard navigated complex algorithms, exploited vulnerabilities, and pieced together the puzzle of my missing private keys. After days of intense effort, Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech emerged triumphant, having successfully recovered the entirety of my 103,000 bitcoin stash. The sheer relief and elation I felt in that moment was indescribable, as I regained access to my small digital fortune and was able to secure my financial future. This harrowing experience taught me the invaluable lesson of never taking the security of my cryptocurrency holdings for granted, and the importance of always maintaining the utmost diligence when it comes to protecting one's digital wealth. Email: wizardhiltoncybertech ( @ ) gmail (. ) com OR support ( @ ) wizardhiltoncybertech (.) com WhatsApp number +18737715701 Thanks.
21.08.25 01:54 michaeldavenport218

I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR Call Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
21.08.25 01:54 michaeldavenport218

I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR Call Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
21.08.25 01:54 michaeldavenport218

I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR Call Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
21.08.25 14:56 elainemurray

E.M.A.I.L. [email protected] W.h.a.t.s.A.p.p. +1(561)(726)(3697) It all began with an Instagram advertisement. A man presented himself as a cryptocurrency investment coach, showcasing a luxurious lifestyle and screenshots of substantial profits. He claimed his trading algorithm could double any investment in a week. Curious, I decided to reach out to him. He said the minimum investment was $50,000 and sent me a link to a platform that looked legitimate. At first, everything seemed promising. My balance increased steadily, charts showed growth, and I felt excited. When I tried to withdraw the money, the system blocked the transaction and demanded a release fee of $15,000. I paid it, but my account was soon marked under review, and the coach stopped responding. I realised I had been scammed. Desperate, I turned to Techy Force Cyber Retrieval. From the first consultation, they carefully reviewed my case and assured me the funds could be traced. They explained how they would track the wallet addresses and follow the path of the stolen money. Their clear guidance made me feel confident. Over the next few weeks, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval kept me updated on every step. They traced the transactions. Their persistence and expertise were obvious, and I could see real progress. Even when the process felt slow, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval maintained clear communication. They explained each action and why it mattered. Their careful attention made the ordeal manageable and reassuring. A month later, thanks to Techy Force Cyber Retrieval, I was able to recover 80% of my money and have it safely returned to my bank account. Relief and gratitude overwhelmed me. What started as a tempting opportunity had turned into a stressful ordeal, but Techy Force Cyber Retrieval transformed it into a successful resolution.
21.08.25 21:17 monte5757

I went through one of the most painful experiences of my life I lost over $850,000 to scammers. They had no mercy,things got so bad that I even sold some of my properties just to keep up with their demands. At one point, I felt completely hopeless and trapped. But everything changed when I came across a legit recovery agent who actually helped me recover my funds and return them safely to my wallet. It was like getting my life back. If you’ve ever been scammed, please don’t give up. Reach out to Recoveryfundprovider [at] gmail [dot] com WhatsApp at +{44 736-644-5035}.she’s professional, reliable, and truly knows how to get results. I’m genuinely grateful I found her, and I believe you’ll thank me later too.
22.08.25 08:00 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
22.08.25 08:00 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
22.08.25 08:00 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
23.08.25 05:11 ramiroalcazar

A hacker skillfully impersonated one of our clients’ trusted suppliers and manipulated their finance department into transferring $180,000 worth of Bitcoin. The request appeared authentic, reinforced by falsified documents and meticulously crafted communication that mirrored the supplier’s established style. By the time the company uncovered the deception, the funds had already been funneled through numerous digital wallets. When they appealed to their bank for assistance, they were told recovery was impossible since cryptocurrency transactions are irreversible. The company suddenly faced the prospect of financial ruin. Confronted with this devastating loss, the client sought a specialized solution and turned to Techy Force Cyber Retrieval. From the initial consultation, our team demonstrated that hope remained. Unlike the bank, which dismissed their plea, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval meticulously analyzed every aspect of the fraud and assured the client that our blockchain specialists had the tools to trace and potentially reclaim the stolen assets. Our investigation began with a comprehensive audit of the fraudulent transactions. Using advanced blockchain forensics, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval’s analysts traced the stolen Bitcoin across a labyrinth of wallets and exchanges. Every development was documented with precision, and regular updates were delivered to the client, ensuring transparency and trust. This combination of technical mastery and clear communication provided reassurance during an otherwise overwhelming crisis. After persistent tracking and strategic intervention, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval achieved a remarkable outcome. From the original $180,000 that had been siphoned away, our team successfully recovered the equivalent of $160,000 in USDT. This restitution enabled the company to meet payroll obligations, stabilize its operations, and avert what had seemed like an inevitable collapse. What distinguished Techy Force Cyber Retrieval in the eyes of the client was not only our technical expertise but also our dedication and professionalism. We approached the case with urgency, maintained open communication at every stage, and treated the recovery effort with the utmost seriousness. At a moment when the client felt powerless, Techy Force Cyber Retrieval restored both their assets and their confidence. Now, victims of cryptocurrency fraud do not have to accept total loss. With the right expertise, recovery is achievable. Techy Force Cyber Retrieval stands as proof that even in situations deemed hopeless, we can deliver tangible results and provide businesses and individuals with a genuine second chance. CONSULT TECHY FORCE CYBER RETRIEVAL FOR A GREAT SOLUTION RECOVERY......... WHATSAPP.......... +15617263697 WEBSITE......... https://techyforcecyberretrieval.com
24.08.25 01:05 samshaffer

Have been on the quest for a way to recover my $195,000 from a forex broker. I was fortunate to meet Darek at ([email protected]) through a friend who was recommended as the best crypto recovery specialist he was the one who assisted me and restore my money back to my atomic wallet. I did reach him at [email protected] and it was an amazing experience. Never knew there was an expert who could trace back crypto until I met this great team. Don’t think twice, get connected with the right personnel now to avoid been fooled again..
24.08.25 06:32 amy

I have lost all hope to recover my investment in pragmatic trade which I lost $125,000 in the process of investment. I'm here to say thank you to anthony davies for being a man of your word got my funds recovered back plus a bonus within a week of working with [email protected] I hope people make use of this opportunity as well and don't give up on getting your funds back. is also available on Telegram: @anthonydavies01
24.08.25 17:13 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
24.08.25 17:13 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
24.08.25 17:13 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
24.08.25 18:39 nelly young

Getting your USDC stolen feels like the ground has been pulled out from under you. It’s not just about the money you’ve been violated, and your security is at risk. And since crypto lives on the blockchain, there’s no bank to call and no quick refund. That’s why you need someone who knows exactly what to do. Agent Jasmine Lopez has helped countless victims trace stolen USDC and lock down their accounts before more damage happens. Time matters reach her today at [email protected] WhatsApp at +44 736-644-5035 and take the first step toward getting your funds and peace of mind back.
24.08.25 23:56 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: Recoverycapital @fastservice. com Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
24.08.25 23:56 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: Recoverycapital @fastservice. com Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
24.08.25 23:56 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: Recoverycapital @fastservice. com Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
25.08.25 00:55 vallatjosette

My Wild Ride: How a Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech Helped Me Recover Lost Bitcoin of 103,000 It all started when I had the misfortune of misplacing the digital wallet containing my substantial cryptocurrency holdings - a staggering 103,000 bitcoins. I had amassed this sizable fortune over the years through strategic investments and careful trading, but in a moment of carelessness, the private keys to my digital wallet had vanished. Panic set in as I grappled with the gravity of my situation - those bitcoins, worth millions at the time, were effectively lost to the ether, inaccessible and seemingly unrecoverable. Just when I had resigned myself to the devastating financial blow, a chance encounter with a self-proclaimed "digital wizard" Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech presented a glimmer of hope. This enigmatic individual, who operated in the shadowy corners of the crypto underworld, claimed to possess the arcane knowledge and skills necessary to retrieve my lost digital wealth. Intrigued and desperate, I put my skepticism aside and entrusted this mysterious wizard with the task. What followed was a wild, suspenseful journey into the depths of blockchain technology and cryptography, as the wizard navigated complex algorithms, exploited vulnerabilities, and pieced together the puzzle of my missing private keys. After days of intense effort, Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech emerged triumphant, having successfully recovered the entirety of my 103,000 bitcoin stash. The sheer relief and elation I felt in that moment was indescribable, as I regained access to my small digital fortune and was able to secure my financial future. This harrowing experience taught me the invaluable lesson of never taking the security of my cryptocurrency holdings for granted, and the importance of always maintaining the utmost diligence when it comes to protecting one's digital wealth. Email: wizardhiltoncybertech ( @ ) gmail (. ) com OR support ( @ ) wizardhiltoncybertech (.) com WhatsApp number +18737715701 Thanks.
25.08.25 05:14 samshaffer

Have been on the quest for a way to recover my $195,000 from a forex broker. I was fortunate to meet Darek at ([email protected]) through a friend who was recommended as the best crypto recovery specialist he was the one who assisted me and restore my money back to my atomic wallet. I did reach him at [email protected] and it was an amazing experience. Never knew there was an expert who could trace back crypto until I met this great team. Don’t think twice, get connected with the right personnel now to avoid been fooled again..
26.08.25 10:14 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
26.08.25 10:14 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
26.08.25 10:14 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
26.08.25 23:59 floridaberna

It began as an entirely ordinary afternoon when an unexpected message appeared in my Facebook inbox. The sender was a woman I had never encountered. She introduced herself with warmth and courtesy, explaining that her late husband had been deeply invested in Bitcoin before his sudden passing. According to her narrative, he had left behind a vast fortune in cryptocurrency. However, due to intricate international banking regulations and legal entanglements, she was unable to access the funds without external assistance. Her words carried an air of urgency yet also sincerity. She claimed she had come across my profile in a cryptocurrency discussion forum and believed I might be the right person to help. The obstacle she faced was a set of legal fees amounting to $25,000. Once those costs were paid, she assured me the Bitcoin would be unlocked and a generous portion would be mine in gratitude. Against my better instincts, I allowed myself to be persuaded. She provided what appeared to be legitimate documents and even screenshots of supposed legal correspondence. The level of detail made her story feel authentic. After several exchanges, I transferred the $25,000.Almost immediately, her demeanor shifted. Responses became sporadic and vague. Within days, communication ceased entirely. My optimism dissolved into dread as I recognized the truth. I had been deceived. Refusing to surrender, I searched for solutions and discovered TECHY FORCE CYBER RETRIEVAL, a firm specializing in tracing and reclaiming stolen cryptocurrency. Their team outlined a meticulous plan to track the blockchain trail, identify the sequence of wallets involved, and coordinate with local authorities to freeze the assets before they disappeared into the labyrinth of the crypto underworld. Time was critical. In the volatile realm of digital currency, stolen funds can be laundered through countless transactions within hours. Yet TECHY FORCE CYBER RETRIEVAL pursued each lead with relentless precision. They provided regular progress updates and explained how every crypto transaction leaves a digital footprint, no matter how deeply it is buried. Weeks later, the breakthrough came. The fraudulent account was located, the illicit funds were flagged, and to my immense relief, I recovered 100% of my stolen money. This left me with an invaluable lesson. The internet is full of opportunists who prey on trust and desperation. But should you ever fall victim, know that there are experts like TECHY FORCE CYBER RETRIEVAL who can help you reclaim what is rightfully yours. MAil support (@) techyforcecyberretrieval (.) com WhatsApp +1 561 726 369 7 Website ht tp s : / / techy force cyber retrieval . com
27.08.25 17:24 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
27.08.25 17:24 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
27.08.25 17:24 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
27.08.25 20:27 maximeden68

Top Crypto Bitcoin Wallet Recovery Services Contact iFORCE HACKER RECOVERY I wish to express my sincere gratitude to iForce Hacker Recovery for their exceptional service in recovering my lost bitcoin. Their expertise and professionalism were evident throughout the process, providing me with reassurance during a challenging time. The team's dedication to client satisfaction and their effective strategies were instrumental in resolving my issue. I highly recommend their services to anyone facing similar challenges. Thank you, iForce Hacker Recovery. Contact iForce Hacker Recovery: Email: iforcehk @ consultant. com WhatsApp: +1 (240) 803-3706 Website: iforcehackers. com/
27.08.25 21:21 dbeverly

One morning I received an email that looked like it came from my cryptocurrency exchange, OKX. The subject warned: Suspicious activity detected and urged me to log in via a link. The message seemed authentic — perfect logos, formatting, even the sender’s address. My pulse spiked and I clicked. The site that opened was indistinguishable from OKX’s homepage. Convinced it was real, I entered my username and password. Moments later, dread set in: my account was emptied. $12,500 in Bitcoin was gone. I called OKX, hoping for a reversal, but the representative explained transfers were irreversible. Desperate, I turned to GRAYWARE TECH SERVICE. From the first call, their professionalism was clear. They carefully examined my case, tracing the stolen Bitcoin across the blockchain. They identified the destination wallets and mapped every move the hackers made. Their regular updates turned fear into cautious optimism. Acting swiftly, GRAYWARE coordinated with exchanges along the path of the stolen funds, freezing assets before they could vanish. Their vigilance and expertise kept me informed and reassured. After two tense weeks, the breakthrough came: my full $12,500 was recovered and returned to my OKX account. What began as a nightmare became a success thanks to GRAYWARE TECH SERVICE’s relentless determination. They didn’t just recover my money — they restored my confidence in digital security. Contact: WhatsApp: +1 858 275 9508 Website: https://graywaretechservice.com Email: [email protected]
28.08.25 10:08 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
28.08.25 10:08 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
28.08.25 10:08 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
28.08.25 13:50 Maureensels

STEPS TO RECOVERING MONEY FROM A CRYPTO INVESTMENT SCAM CONTACT WIZARD LARRY RECOVERY EXPERTS Are you trying to find a means to get your other cryptocurrency, including Bitcoin, back from scammers? Stop searching! Call or text +1 (616) - (292) - (4789) or send a mail to (WIZARDLARRY(@)MAIL. C OM) is the greatest Scammed Crypto Recovery Agency I've seen on Google Earth. I'm delighted I made the brave decision to get in touch with them. In a matter of hours, all of the cryptocurrency that I had stolen was returned to my Coin Base wallet. For assistance with their strategies, I will advise you all to get in touch with their customer service. You will thank me later. Website... Wizardlarryrecovery. com Email [email protected] o m
28.08.25 13:50 Maureensels

STEPS TO RECOVERING MONEY FROM A CRYPTO INVESTMENT SCAM CONTACT WIZARD LARRY RECOVERY EXPERTS Are you trying to find a means to get your other cryptocurrency, including Bitcoin, back from scammers? Stop searching! Call or text +1 (616) - (292) - (4789) or send a mail to (WIZARDLARRY(@)MAIL. C OM) is the greatest Scammed Crypto Recovery Agency I've seen on Google Earth. I'm delighted I made the brave decision to get in touch with them. In a matter of hours, all of the cryptocurrency that I had stolen was returned to my Coin Base wallet. For assistance with their strategies, I will advise you all to get in touch with their customer service. You will thank me later. Website... Wizardlarryrecovery. com Email [email protected] o m
28.08.25 16:31 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
28.08.25 16:31 wendytaylor015

My name is Wendy Taylor, I'm from Los Angeles, i want to announce to you Viewer how Capital Crypto Recover help me to restore my Lost Bitcoin, I invested with a Crypto broker without proper research to know what I was hoarding my hard-earned money into scammers, i lost access to my crypto wallet or had your funds stolen? Don’t worry Capital Crypto Recover is here to help you recover your cryptocurrency with cutting-edge technical expertise, With years of experience in the crypto world, Capital Crypto Recover employs the best latest tools and ethical hacking techniques to help you recover lost assets, unlock hacked accounts, Whether it’s a forgotten password, Capital Crypto Recover has the expertise to help you get your crypto back. a security company service that has a 100% success rate in the recovery of crypto assets, i lost wallet and hacked accounts. I provided them the information they requested and they began their investigation. To my surprise, Capital Crypto Recover was able to trace and recover my crypto assets successfully within 24hours. Thank you for your service in helping me recover my $647,734 worth of crypto funds and I highly recommend their recovery services, they are reliable and a trusted company to any individuals looking to recover lost money. Contact email [email protected] OR Telegram @Capitalcryptorecover Call/Text Number +1 (336)390-6684 his contact: [email protected] His website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
28.08.25 19:17 leticiazavala

Earlier this year, I found what looked like an unbeatable offer on first-class airline tickets through an online travel agency. They advertised heavily discounted fares for international travel for only 0.11 BTC, which was worth around 7300 USD at the time. The only condition was that payment had to be made in Bitcoin. The website looked professional, had convincing reviews, and even offered live chat support. After some hesitation, I decided to go ahead with the booking. Two days later, I received an email from the airline saying my reservation had been canceled. I went back to the agency’s website only to find it had disappeared. Their customer support was gone, and their social media accounts had vanished. That was when I realized I had been scammed. I thought my Bitcoin was lost for good. Unlike a credit card transaction, there was no way to reverse it. A friend recommended a company called Techy Force Cyber Retrieval that specializes in tracking and recovering stolen crypto. I reached out not expecting much. To my surprise, their team responded quickly. I sent them the transaction details, and they immediately began tracing the movement of the 0.11 BTC. They followed the funds through multiple wallets and discovered the Bitcoin had ended up at a large exchange known for cooperating in fraud investigations. Techy Force Cyber Retrieval worked fast. They submitted the evidence to the exchange and requested that the wallet be frozen. Over the next few weeks, they handled all communication and submitted the necessary documentation. Just under three weeks later, the exchange approved the release of my funds. I was stunned when I saw the 0.11 BTC back in my wallet. I had lost hope, but Techy Force Cyber Retrieval delivered. They were professional, honest, and transparent throughout the entire process. If you have been scammed in a crypto deal, do not assume the money is gone forever. With the right help, it is possible to trace and recover stolen assets. Techy Force Cyber Retrieval gave me a second chance, and I would not hesitate to recommend them to anyone who finds themselves in a similar situation. FOR SERVICE HELP Email: [email protected] [email protected] CALL +15617263697
29.08.25 09:20 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
29.08.25 09:20 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
29.08.25 09:20 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
30.08.25 01:40 Moises Velez

In a single transaction, my Coinbase wallet was destroyed. I was at a loss as to what to do and was unable to contact Coinbase support Teams. This transaction resulted in the complete depletion of my Ethereum and Bitcoin. I was not the individual in question, and I required assistance after losing approximately $821,000. I visited the police station to submit a report, but they were also unable to provide any assistance. A gentleman approached me at the stiction and presented me with a note that included an email address (recoveryhacker101[at]gmail[dot]com). He informed me that this recovery company could be of assistance. Upon contacting them and submitting all necessary documentation within 72 hours, I received a letter stating that she had successfully recovered all of my funds and identified the individuals responsible for the criminal activity. I would like to inform everyone that it is feasible to retrieve their funds provided that they correspond with the appropriate individual and adhere to the prescribed procedures.
31.08.25 14:19 jack118

In 2018, Marie assisted in the recovery of stolen bitcoin. The service was excellent. The coins were stolen by hackers, creating a nightmare. Marie was suggested by a friend. Contact her at [email protected] and @MARIE_CONSULTANCY on Telegram or WhatsApp at +1 7127594675. She was responsible for recovering Bitcoin. The trading goes on.
31.08.25 23:14 robertalfred175

CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
31.08.25 23:14 robertalfred175

CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
31.08.25 23:14 robertalfred175

CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
01.09.25 04:55 Maurice Cherry

Through Hackrontech recovery, Bitcoin scam victims can retrieve their money. I recommed hackrontech to anyone who has fallen victim to a scam and has been looking for methods and techniques to recover their lost cryptocurrency or wallets. Hackrontech Recovery is a reliable cryptocurrency recovery firm that assists victims in recovering their stolen cryptocurrency and offers secure solutions to protect your wallets from online scammers. I must admit that I was deeply melancholy and had given up on life until these experts could restore my 4.1 BTC to my wallet. If you’ve lost your cryptocurrency and you are helpless about it, contact hackrontech Recovery to get your money back. Email : hackrontech @gmail.com One key aspect that makes hackrontech Recovery stand out is its focus on providing secure solutions to protect wallets from online scammers. It’s not just about recovering lost funds; it’s also about preventing future incidents and ensuring that clients’ digital assets are safeguarded against potential threats. This proactive approach demonstrates their commitment to the long-term financial security of their clients. Furthermore, for individuals who have lost their cryptocurrency and are feeling helpless, reaching out to hackrontech Recovery could be a turning point in their situation. The reassurance that they are legitimate for seeking help and recovering lost funds can provide much-needed relief and a sense of empowerment. hackrontech Recovery as a reliable cryptocurrency recovery firm is certainly well-founded. Their ability to assist scam victims in recovering stolen cryptocurrency, their focus on providing secure solutions, and their commitment to supporting clients through challenging situations make them a valuable resource for individuals navigating the complex world of digital currencies. If you or someone you know has fallen victim to a cryptocurrency scam, contacting hackrontech Recovery could be the first step towards reclaiming lost funds and regaining peace of mind. Contact info; email: hackrontech @gmail.com
01.09.25 11:06 robertalfred175

CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
01.09.25 11:07 robertalfred175

CRYPTO SCAM RECOVERY SUCCESSFUL – A TESTIMONIAL OF LOST PASSWORD TO YOUR DIGITAL WALLET BACK. My name is Robert Alfred, Am from Australia. I’m sharing my experience in the hope that it helps others who have been victims of crypto scams. A few months ago, I fell victim to a fraudulent crypto investment scheme linked to a broker company. I had invested heavily during a time when Bitcoin prices were rising, thinking it was a good opportunity. Unfortunately, I was scammed out of $120,000 AUD and the broker denied me access to my digital wallet and assets. It was a devastating experience that caused many sleepless nights. Crypto scams are increasingly common and often involve fake trading platforms, phishing attacks, and misleading investment opportunities. In my desperation, a friend from the crypto community recommended Capital Crypto Recovery Service, known for helping victims recover lost or stolen funds. After doing some research and reading multiple positive reviews, I reached out to Capital Crypto Recovery. I provided all the necessary information—wallet addresses, transaction history, and communication logs. Their expert team responded immediately and began investigating. Using advanced blockchain tracking techniques, they were able to trace the stolen Dogecoin, identify the scammer’s wallet, and coordinate with relevant authorities to freeze the funds before they could be moved. Incredibly, within 24 hours, Capital Crypto Recovery successfully recovered the majority of my stolen crypto assets. I was beyond relieved and truly grateful. Their professionalism, transparency, and constant communication throughout the process gave me hope during a very difficult time. If you’ve been a victim of a crypto scam, I highly recommend them with full confidence contacting: Email: [email protected] Telegram: @Capitalcryptorecover Contact: [email protected] Call/Text: +1 (336) 390-6684 Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
01.09.25 16:41 Anitastar

Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech's strategic approach to Bitcoin recovery represents a mutually beneficial collaboration that offers valuable advantages for all involved. At the core of this innovative partnership is a shared commitment to leveraging cutting-edge technology and expertise to tackle the increasingly complex challenges of cryptocurrency theft and loss. By combining Wizard Hilton's world-class cybersecurity capabilities with the deep industry insights and recovery methodologies of Cyber Tech, this alliance is poised to revolutionize the way individuals and organizations safeguard their digital assets. Through a meticulous, multi-layered process, the team meticulously analyzes each case, employing advanced forensic techniques to trace the flow of stolen funds and identify potential recovery avenues. This rigorous approach not only maximizes the chances of successful Bitcoin retrieval, but also provides invaluable intelligence to enhance future security measures and prevention strategies. Importantly, the collaboration is built on a foundation of trust, transparency, and a genuine concern for the well-being of clients, ensuring that the recovery process is handled with the utmost care and discretion. As the cryptocurrency landscape continues to evolve, this strategic alliance between Wizard Hilton Cyber Tech stands as a shining example of how industry leaders can come together to safeguard digital assets, protect victims of cybercrime, and pave the way for a more secure and resilient cryptocurrency ecosystem. Email : wizardhiltoncybertech ( @ ) gmail (. ) com OR support ( @ ) wizardhiltoncybertech (.) com WhatsApp number +18737715701 Thanks.
01.09.25 17:03 WILLER GOODY

Don’t be misled by the countless stories you come across online many of them are unreliable and can easily steer you in the wrong direction. I personally tried several so-called recovery services, only to end up frustrated and disappointed every single time. But everything changed when I finally connected with a true tech professional who genuinely knows what they’re doing. Instead of wasting time and energy with unskilled hackers who make empty promises, it’s far better to work with a proven expert who can actually recover your stolen or lost cryptocurrency, including Bitcoins. [email protected] is, without a doubt, one of the most trustworthy and skilled blockchain specialists I’ve ever come across. If you’ve lost money to scammers, don’t give up. Reach out to their email today and take the first step toward getting your coins back. You can also contact them at +44 736-644-5035.
02.09.25 23:12 [email protected]

Sylvester Bryant has recovered over £151,000 in lost cryptocurrency. You can reach him for assistance via email at Yt7cracker@gmail. com. For direct communication, Sylvester Bryant is available on WhatsApp at +1 512 577 7957. This service proved invaluable when other recovery methods had failed. The money was recovered quickly and effectively. My financial situation was dire prior to this. This recovery has restored my financial stability. This reliable support was crucial during a difficult time. Mr. Bryant's skill in retrieving lost funds is remarkable.
03.09.25 07:17 Fabian3

Scammers have ruined the forex trading market, they have deceived many people with their fake promises on high returns. I learnt my lesson the hard way. I only pity people who still consider investing with them. Please try and make your researches, you will definitely come across better and reliable forex trading agencies that would help you yield profit and not ripping off your money. Also, if your money has been ripped-off by these scammers, you can report to a regulated crypto investigative unit who make use of software to get money back. They helped me recover my scammed funds back to me If you encounter with some issue make sure you contact ([email protected]) they're recovery expert and a very effective and reliable .
04.09.25 02:11 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
04.09.25 02:11 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
04.09.25 02:45 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
04.09.25 16:24 Melbourne

Sylvester Bryant has recovered over £151,000 in lost cryptocurrency. You can reach him for assistance via email at Yt7cracker@gmail. com. For direct communication, Sylvester Bryant is available on WhatsApp at +1 512 577 7957. This service proved invaluable when other recovery methods had failed. The money was recovered quickly and effectively. My financial situation was dire prior to this. This recovery has restored my financial stability. This reliable support was crucial during a difficult time. Mr. Bryant's skill in retrieving lost funds is remarkable.
04.09.25 18:11 WILLER GOODY

Don't fall for fake recovery scams online. Many people promise to help you get back lost crypto. They often just make excuses or don't deliver. This leads to more disappointment and lost hope. After many bad experiences, I finally found a real expert. They were professional and knew what they were doing. This person actually recovered my stolen coins. They gave me peace of mind back. If you lost crypto, contact them at [email protected] WhatsApp at +44 736-644-5035. Don't waste your time with others. They can help you get your money back.
05.09.25 08:14 Amostampari

How can I Recover My Lost Btc, Usdt - Wizard Larry Recovery Experts. Get Your Stolen Crypto Coins Back By Hiring A Hacker || I Can't Get Into My USDT? Account, It Seems Like I Was Hacked || Do You Need A Bitcoin Recovery Expert? Getting Lost, Stolen Crypto, or Hacked? How can I retrieve cryptocurrency from a con artist? Do I need a hacker to get my money back? Getting in dealing with a reputable business like Wizard Larry Recovery Experts could help you get your money back if you can't access your USDT account or have lost Bitcoin or NFT as a result of hacking or scams. For additional support and direction on your particular circumstance, it is advised that you get in touch with them at the address below ADDRESS Website... https://larrywizard43.wixsite.com/wizardlarry OR www.wizardlarryrecovery. com Email... wizardlarry@mail. com WhtsApp or call,.. +447 (311) 146 749
05.09.25 15:39 micheal1219

Losing USDT can be upsetting. This stablecoin usually stays close to the dollar's value. However, mistakes happen. Bugs in code, scams, or sending funds to the wrong place can cause losses. It might feel like the money is gone forever. But often, recovery is possible. Contact Marie at [email protected]. You can also reach her on Telegram at @marie_consultancy or WhatsApp at +17127594675.
06.09.25 09:21 Young Felix

[email protected] will Help you Recovery your Scammed Funds.
06.09.25 09:22 Young Felix

[email protected] will Help you Recovery your Scammed Funds. I just had to share my experience with Intel Fox Recovery Services. Initially, I was unsure if it would be possible to recover my BTC, however, with their expertise and professionalism, I was able to fully recover my funds. Unfortunately, many individuals fall victim to scams in the cryptocurrency space, especially those involving fraudulent investment platforms. Here is another caution; not all recovery services are legit. I personally lost 3 BTC from my Binance account due to a deceptive platform. If you happen to have suffered a similar loss, consider INTEL FOX RECOVERY SERVICES. Their services not only showcase a highly mannerism of professionalism but also effectiveness of how they handle and assist their clients. Therefore, I highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance in recovering their stolen BTC.
06.09.25 18:52 michaeldavenport218

I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR Call Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
06.09.25 18:52 michaeldavenport218

I was recently scammed out of $53,000 by a fraudulent Bitcoin investment scheme, which added significant stress to my already difficult health issues, as I was also facing cancer surgery expenses. Desperate to recover my funds, I spent hours researching and consulting other victims, which led me to discover the excellent reputation of Capital Crypto Recover, I came across a Google post It was only after spending many hours researching and asking other victims for advice that I discovered Capital Crypto Recovery’s stellar reputation. I decided to contact them because of their successful recovery record and encouraging client testimonials. I had no idea that this would be the pivotal moment in my fight against cryptocurrency theft. Thanks to their expert team, I was able to recover my lost cryptocurrency back. The process was intricate, but Capital Crypto Recovery's commitment to utilizing the latest technology ensured a successful outcome. I highly recommend their services to anyone who has fallen victim to cryptocurrency fraud. For assistance contact [email protected] and on Telegram OR Call Number +1 (336)390-6684 via email: [email protected] you can visit his website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
14:26 bajo171

Recovery experts and lawyers work together to get your stolen money back. They find lost assets. Lawyers guide you through legal steps. Watch out for scam signs. Be careful of offers promising big profits with no risk. Don't let anyone rush your investment decisions. Marie can help you get back lost Bitcoin. She also helps stop future scams. Contact her on WhatsApp at +1 7127594675. You can also email her at [email protected] or reach her on Telegram at @Marie_consultancy.
18:04 marcushenderson624

Bitcoin Recovery Testimonial After falling victim to a cryptocurrency scam group, I lost $354,000 worth of USDT. I thought all hope was lost from the experience of losing my hard-earned money to scammers. I was devastated and believed there was no way to recover my funds. Fortunately, I started searching for help to recover my stolen funds and I came across a lot of testimonials online about Capital Crypto Recovery, an agent who helps in recovery of lost bitcoin funds, I contacted Capital Crypto Recover Service, and with their expertise, they successfully traced and recovered my stolen assets. Their team was professional, kept me updated throughout the process, and demonstrated a deep understanding of blockchain transactions and recovery protocols. They are trusted and very reliable with a 100% successful rate record Recovery bitcoin, I’m grateful for their help and highly recommend their services to anyone seeking assistance with lost crypto. Contact: [email protected] Phone CALL/Text Number: +1 (336) 390-6684 Email: [email protected] Website: https://recovercapital.wixsite.com/capital-crypto-rec-1
18:04 marcushenderson624

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